Signal processing is a fundamental discipline and plays a key role in many fields including astronomy, biology, chemistry, economics, engineering, and physics, etc. Signal processing is based on fundamental mathematical tools and methods. As a result, a deeper understanding of these mathematical aspects is crucial towards successful application of signal processing in practice and to carry out advanced research. The aim of the book Mathematical Aspects of Signal Processing by Professor Pradip Sircar is to provide the reader with a comprehensive review, along with typical applications, of four specific mathematical topics: Function representation, generalized inverse, modal decomposition, and optimization in signal processing. This book is based on the extensive experience of the author as a researcher and educator in signal processing, and the presented materials have been tested with many students over a number of years at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. In my opinion, this book will be a very good text for an upper division and/or graduate level course on the subject. Researchers and professional engineers will also find this book very useful as a reference.