“À la Croix des Bouquets, le 10 Janvier 1792.” Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 867.Google Scholar

“À Messieurs les Membres de l’Assemblée Nationale à Paris.” Novembre 16, 1791. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 867.Google Scholar

L’Ami des Patriotes. Collected edition of 1791. Newberry Library, Chicago.Google Scholar

Adams, Leonard. Coyer and the Enlightenment. Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century, vol. 123. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1974.Google Scholar

“Adresse à l’Assemblée-Nationale, pour les Citoyens-Libres de Couleur ....” Octobre 18, 1789. Signed de Joly, Raymond [i.e., Raimond], Ogé, etc. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 876.Google Scholar

Affiches Américaines. Bibliothèque Nationale de France.Google Scholar

Agamben, Giorgio. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Trans. Heller-Roazen, Daniel. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Agulhon, Maurice. Marianne into Battle: Republican Imagery and Symbolism in France, 1789–1880. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. edn. London: Verso, 1991.Google Scholar

Anderson, Benedict. The Spectre of Comparisons: Nationalism, Southeast Asia, and the World. London: Verso, 1998.Google Scholar

Anderson, Wilda. “Encyclopedic Topologies.” Modern Language Notes 101, 4 (1986): 912–929.Google Scholar

Anon, . [Charles de Bleschamps]. Essai sur l’Administration des Colonies Françoises et Particulièrement d’une Partie de Celles de Saint-Domingue. Paris: Monory, 1788.Google Scholar

Anon, . “Mémoire Historique des Dernières Révolutions des Provinces de l’Ouest et du Sud, de la Partie Française de St. Domingue ....” No date. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 872.Google Scholar

Anon, . Mémoire sur les Moyens de Communiquer Sur-le-champ au Peuple, Occupant les Dehors du Lieu où se Tient l’Assemblée, les Délibérations Qui y sont Prises .... Paris: Impr. de Vve Hérissant, October 30, 1789. Bibliothèque Nationale de France.Google Scholar

Anon, . My Odyssey: Experiences of a Young Refugee from Two Revolutions, by a Creole of Saint Domingue. Trans. de Puech Parham, Althéa. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959.Google Scholar

Appadurai, Arjun. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Arendt, Hannah. The Human Condition. 2nd edn. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998 [1958].CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Arendt, Hannah. On Revolution. Rev. edn. New York: Penguin, 2006.Google Scholar

Asad, Talal. “Conscripts of Western Civilization.” In Gailey, Christine, ed., Dialectical Anthropology, vol. 1, 333–351. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992.Google Scholar

Assemblée Nationale de France. Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860, première série.Google Scholar

Badiou, Alain. “Twenty-Four Notes on the Uses of the Word ‘People’.” In Badiou, et al., What Is a People? New York: Columbia University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Baker, Keith. Inventing the French Revolution: Essays on French Political Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. “Ambiguous Universality.” In Balibar, , Politics and the Other Scene, 146–176. London: Verso, 2002.Google Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. Citoyen Sujet et Autres Essais d’Anthropologie Philosophique. Paris: Presses Univeritaires de France, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. La Crainte des Masses: Politique et Philosophie Avant et Après Marx. Paris: Galilée, 1997.Google Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. Masses, Classes, Ideas: Studies on Politics and Philosophy Before and After Marx. New York: Routledge, 1994.Google Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. Politics and the Other Scene. Trans. Jones, Christine, Swenson, James, and Turner, Chris. London: Verso, 2002.Google Scholar

Balibar, Étienne. We the People of Europe? Reflections on Transnational Citizenship. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Bancel, Nicolas, Blanchard, Pascal, and Vergès, Françoise. La République Coloniale: Essai sur une Utopie. Paris: Albin Michel, 2003.Google Scholar

Beaulac, Stéphane. The Power of Language in the Making of International Law: The Word Sovereignty in Bodin and Vattel and the Myth of Westphalia. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bellonie, Camille Falconnet de la. La Psycantropie ou Nouvelle Théorie de l’Homme. Avignon: Louis Chambeau, 1748.Google Scholar

Benhabib, Seyla. The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents, and Citizens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Blackburn, Robin. The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery, 1776–1848. London: Verso, 1988.Google Scholar

Boissonnade, Prosper. Saint-Domingue à la Veille de la Révolution et la Question de la Représentation Coloniale aux États Généraux. Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1906.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, Pierre. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Trans. Nice, Richard. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, Pierre. The Logic of Practice. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Bourdieu, Pierre. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bredekamp, Horst. “Thomas Hobbes’s Visual Strategies.” In Springborg, Patricia, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Hobbes’s Leviathan, 29–60. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Brissot de Warville, Jacques-Pierre. Discours de J.P. Brissot, Député, sur les Causes des Troubles de Saint-Domingue: Prononcé à la Séance du Premier Décembre 1791. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, [1791]. Newberry Library.Google Scholar

Brissot de Warville, Jacques-Pierre. Discours sur un Projet de Décret Relatif a la Révolte des Noirs: Prononcé a l’Assemblée Nationale, le 30 Octobre 1791. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1791. Newberry Library.Google Scholar

Brown, Wendy. States of Injury: Power and Freedom in Late Modernity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Brown, Wendy. Walled States, Waning Sovereignty. New York: Zone Books, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Buck-Morss, Susan. Hegel, Haiti, and Universal History. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Butler, Judith. “‘We, the People’: Thoughts on Freedom of Assembly.” In Badiou, Alain et al., What Is a People? New York: Columbia University Press, 2016.Google ScholarPubMed

Cabon, Adolphe. Un Siècle et Demi de Journalisme en Haïti. Worcester, MA: American Antiquarian Society, 1940.Google Scholar

Carteau, Félix. Soirées Bermudiennes, ou Entretiens sur les Événemens qui ont Opéré la Ruine de la Partie Française de l’Île St.-Domingue. Bordeaux: Pellier-Lawalle, 1802.Google Scholar

Casimir, Jean. La Culture Opprimée. Delmas, Haïti: Lakay, 2001.Google Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. Figures of the Thinkable. Trans. Arnold, Helen. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. “The Greek Polis and the Creation of Democracy,” Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 9, 2 (1983): 79–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. The Imaginary Institution of Society. Trans. Blamey, Kathleen. Cambridge: Polity, 1987.Google Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. World in Fragments: Writings on Politics, Society, Psychoanalysis, and the Imagination. Trans. Curtis, David A.. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Censer, Jack and Hunt, Lynn. “Imaging the French Revolution: Depictions of the French Revolutionary Crowd.” American Historical Review 110, 1 (2005): 38–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Censer, Jack and Lynn, Hunt. eds. Imaging the French Revolution: Depictions of the French Revolutionary Crowd. http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/imaging. Accessed February 28, 2015.Google Scholar

Centre Aixois d’Études et de Recherches sur le Dix-Huitième Siècle. Images du Peuple au Dix-huitième Siecle: Colloque d’Aix-en-Provence, 25 et 26 Oct. 1969. Paris: Armand Colin, 1973.Google Scholar

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Provinializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000.Google Scholar

Chatterjee, Partha. The Black Hole of Empire: History of a Global Practice of Power. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chatterjee, Partha. The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Cochin, Augustin. Les Sociétés de Pensée et la Démocratie Moderne. Paris: Copernic, 1978.Google Scholar

“Les Commissaires Conciliateurs des Citoyens Blancs ... L’Artibonite 15 avril 1792, à l’Assemblée Coloniale.” Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 867.Google Scholar

Condorcet, Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de, . “Sur le Sens du Mot Révolutionnaire” [1793]. In Oeuvres de Condorcet, vol. 12, 615–624. Paris: Firmin Didot Frères, 1847.Google Scholar

Connolly, William. Political Theory and Modernity. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Constitution d’Haïti, Revisée au Grand-Goâve le 2 Juin 1816, an XIII de l’Indépendence. Reprinted in Louis-Joseph Janvier, Les Constitutions d’Haïti (1801–1885), 112–143. Paris: Flammarion, 1886.Google Scholar

Constitution Impériale d’Haïti, 20 Mai 1805. Reprinted in Louis-Joseph Janvier, Les Constitutions d’Haïti (1801–1885), 30–41. Paris: Flammarion, 1886.Google Scholar

Constitution of 24 June 1793 [France]. Reprinted in Les Constitutions de la France depuis 1789, 45–54. Paris: Édouard Proux, 1848.Google Scholar

Les Constitutions de la France depuis 1789. Paris: Édouard Proux, 1848.Google Scholar

“Copie de la Réponse des Comméssaires des Parroisses des Provinces de l’Ouest et du Sud, Réunnis à la Croix-des-Bouquets, à la Première Lettre de MM les Commessaires Nationaux-Civils.” January 20, 1792. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 873.Google Scholar

Cosandey, Fanny, ed. Dire et Vivre l’Ordre Social en France sous l’Ancien Régime. Paris: EHESS, 2005.Google Scholar

Cowans, Jon. To Speak for the People: Public Opinion and the Problem of Legitimacy in the French Revolution. New York: Routledge, 2001.Google Scholar

Coyer, Gabriel François. Dissertation sur la Nature du Peuple. In Bagatelles Morales et Dissertations par Mr. L’Abbé Coyer; Avec le Testament Litteraire de Mr. L’Abbé Desfontaines. Nouvelle edition. Londres: Knoch & Eslinger, 1757. British Library.Google Scholar

Darnton, Robert. The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing History of the Encyclopédie 1775–1800. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979.Google Scholar

Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770–1823. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975.Google Scholar

Debbasch, Yvan. “Le Marronnage: Essai sur la Désertion de l’Esclave Antillais.” L’Année Sociologique 12 (1961): 1–112.Google Scholar

Debbasch, Yvan. “Le Marronnage, Seconde Partie: La Société Coloniale Contre le Marronnage.” L’Année Sociologique 13 (1962): 117–195.Google Scholar

Debien, Gabriel. Esprit Colon et Esprit d’Autonomie à Saint-Domingue au XVIIIieme Siècle. 2nd edn. Paris: Larose, 1954.Google Scholar

Décret de l’Assemblée Générale de la Partie Françoise de Saint-Domingue, Rendu à l’Unanimité, en sa Séance du 28 mai 1790. Bibliothèque Nationale de France.Google Scholar

Derrida, Jacques. The Beast and the Sovereign, vol. 1. Trans. Bennington, Geoffrey. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.Google Scholar

Derrida, Jacques. “Declarations of Independence.” Trans. Keenan, Tom and Pepper, Tom. New Political Science 7, 1 (1986): 7–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Derrida, Jacques. The Politics of Friendship. Trans. Collins, George. London: Verso, 2005.Google Scholar

Dessalines, Jean-Jacques. “Proclamation du Général en Chef au Peuple d’Haïti,” January 1, 1804. Reprinted in Lois et Actes sous le Regne de Jean Jacques Dessalines, 8–11. Port-au-Prince: Presses Nationales d’Haiti, 2006.Google Scholar

Diderot, Denis, ed. Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, par une Société de Gens de Lettres. Geneve [Paris & Neufchastel], 1772; 1754–1772. 28 vols. Goldsmiths’ Library, University of London, microfilm reel 994.Google Scholar

Doolittle, James. “Jaucourt’s Use of Source Material in the Encyclopedie.” Modern Language Notes 65, 6 (1950): 387–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dubois, F. E. Précis Historique de la Révolution Haïtien de 1843. Paris: Bourdier, 1866.Google Scholar

Dubois, Laurent. A Colony of Citizens: Revolution and Slave Emancipation in the French Caribbean, 1787–1804. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Dubois, Laurent. Avengers of the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dubois, Laurent. Haiti: The Aftershocks of History. New York: Picador, 2013.Google Scholar

Dubourg, , [?], and [?] Savary. Letter to the National Assembly, February 2, 1792. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 110, dossier 868.Google Scholar

Eisenstadt, S. N. “Multiple Modernities.” Daedalus 129, 1 (2000): 1–31.Google Scholar

Erman, Eva. “The Boundary Problem and the Ideal of Democracy.” Constellations 21, 4 (2014): 535–546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

“Extrait des Registres de l’Assemblée Générale de la Partie François de Saint-Domingue.” Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 59, dossiers 583–584.Google Scholar

Fabre, Jean. “L’article ‘Peuple’ de l’Encyclopédie et le Couple Coyer-Jaucourt.” In Images du Peuple au Dix-huitième Siecle: Colloque d’Aix-en-Provence, 25 et 26 Oct. 1969, at the Centre Aixois d’Études et de Recherches sur le Dix-huitième Siècle, 11–24. Paris: Armand Colin, 1973.Google Scholar

Falk, Richard. “Revisiting Westphalia, Discovering Post-Westphalia.” Journal of Ethics 6 (2002): 311–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Farge, Arlette. Fragile Lives: Violence, Power and Solidarity in Eighteenth-Century Paris. Cambridge: Polity, 1993.Google Scholar

Farge, Arlette and Revel, Jacques. The Vanishing Children of Paris: Rumor and Politics before the French Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991.Google Scholar

Fick, Carolyn. “Dilemmas of Emancipation: From the Saint Domingue Insurrections of 1791 to the Emerging Haitian State.” History Workshop Journal 46 (Autumn, 1998): 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fick, Carolyn. The Making of Haiti: The Saint Domingue Revolution from Below. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Forsyth, Murray. Reason and Revolution: The Political Thought of the Abbé Sieyes. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Forsyth, Murray. “Thomas Hobbes and the Constituent Power of the People.” Political Studies 29 (1982): 191–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage, 1979.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. The Government of Self and Others: Lectures at the Collège de France 1982–1983. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Foucault, Michel. The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège de France 1981–1982. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality, vol. 1: An Introduction. New York: Vintage Books, 1980.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality, vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure. New York: Vintage, 1990.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality, vol. 3: The Care of the Self. New York: Vintage, 1988.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. “Méthodologie pour la Connaissance du Monde: Comment Se Débarrasser du Marxism” [1978]. In Foucault, , Dits et Écrits III: 595–618. Paris: Gallimard, 1994.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. “Polemics, Politics, and Problematizations.” Trans. Davis, Lydia. In Essential Works of Foucault, vol. 1, Ethics. New York: New Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977. Ed. Gordon, Colin. New York: Pantheon, 1980.Google Scholar

Foucault, Michel. “Society Must Be Defended”: Lectures at the Collège de France 1975–1976. Trans. Macey, David. New York: Picador, 2003.Google Scholar

Frank, Jason. Constituent Moments: Enacting the People in Postrevolutionary America. Durham: Duke University Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy. “Reframing Justice in a Globalizing World.” In Nancy Fraser, Adding Insult to Injury: Nancy Fraser Debates Her Critics, ed. Kevin Olson, 273–291. London: Verso, 2008.Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy. “Transnationalizing the Public Sphere.” In Scales of Justice: Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009.Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy and Honneth, Axel. Redistribution or Recognition? A Political- Philosophical Exchange. London: Verso, 2003.Google Scholar

Freud, Sigmund. Civilization and Its Discontents. Trans. Strachey, James. New York: Norton, 1961.Google Scholar

Furet, François. Interpreting the French Revolution. Trans. Forster, Elborg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Furet, François and Richet, Denis. French Revolution. New York: Macmillan, 1970.Google Scholar

Garrigus, John. Before Haiti: Race and Citizenship in French Saint-Domingue. New York: Palgrave, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Geggus, David. Haitian Revolutionary Studies. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Geggus, David. “Slavery, War, and Revolution in the Greater Caribbean, 1789–1815.” InGaspar, D. B and Geggus, D., eds., A Turbulent Time: The French Revolution and the Greater Caribbean, 5–15. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Ghachem, Malick. “The ‘Trap’ of Representation: Sovereignty, Slavery, and the Road to the Haitian Revolution.” Historical Reflections 29, 1 (2003): 123–144.Google Scholar

Google French Corpus dataset of July 1, 2012, version 20120701. Data provided by Google Labs.Google Scholar

Grégoire, Henri. Letter to the Pennsylvania Society for the Abolition of Slavery, March 2, 1802. Reprinted in Dorigny, M. and Gainto, B., La Société des Amis des Noirs, 1788–1799, 395–396. Editions Unesco/EDICEF.Google Scholar

Habermas, Jürgen. The Crisis of the European Union: A Response. Trans. Cronin, Ciaran. Cambridge: Polity, 2012.Google Scholar

Habermas, Jürgen. Europe: The Faltering Project. Cambridge: Polity, 2009.Google Scholar

Habermas, Jürgen. “Popular Sovereignty as Procedure” [1988]. In Habermas, Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, 463–490. Trans. Rehg, William. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Habermas, Jürgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1989.Google Scholar

Hardt, Michael and Negri, Antonio. Empire. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000.Google Scholar

Hardt, Michael and Antonio, Negri. Multitude: War and Ideology in the Age of Empire. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Harris, Jennifer. “The Red Cap of Liberty: A Study of Dress Worn by French Revolutionary Partisans 1789–94.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 14, 3 (1981): 283–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Havel, Vaclav. The Power of the Powerless: Citizens against the State in Central-Eastern Europe. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1985.Google Scholar

Hayes, Peter. The People and the Mob: The Ideology of Civil Conflict in Modern Europe. London: Praeger, 1992.Google Scholar

Hesiod, . Theogony. Trans. Schlegel, C. and Weinfield, H.. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan. Ed. Tuck, Richard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Homer, . Illiad. Trans. Rees, Ennis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.Google Scholar

Honig, Bonnie. “Between Decisionism and Deliberation: Political Paradox in Democratic Theory.” American Political Science Review 101, 1 (2007): 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Honig, Bonnie. Emergency Politics: Paradox, Law, Democracy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hunt, Lynn. Politics, Culture, and Class in the French Revolution. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.Google Scholar

Hyginus, . Fabulae. New York: Garland, 1976.Google Scholar

Israel, Jonathan. Democratic Enlightenment: Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750–1790. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar

James, C. L. R. The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution. Rev. edn. New York: Vintage, 1989 [1963].Google Scholar

Janvier, Louis-Joseph. Les Constitutions d’Haïti (1801–1885). 2 vols. Paris: Flammarion, 1886.Google Scholar

Jean-Baptiste, Saint-Victor. Haïti, Sa Lutte pour l’Émancipation: Deux Concepts d’Indépendance à Saint-Domingue. Paris: Nef de Paris, 1957.Google Scholar

Jenson, Deborah. Beyond the Slave Narrative: Politics, Sex, and Manuscripts in the Haitian Revolution. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kafker, Frank and Serena Kafker. The Encyclopedists as Individuals: A Biographical Dictionary of the Authors of the Encyclopédie. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1988.Google Scholar

Kantorowicz, Ernst. The King’s Two Bodies: A Study in Mediaeval Political Theology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1957.Google Scholar

Keenan, Alan. Democracy in Question: Democratic Openness in a Time of Political Closure. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Kley, Dale Van. The Damiens Affair and the Unraveling of the Ancien Régime 1750–1770. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.Google Scholar

Koselleck, Reinhart. Futures Past: On the Semantics of Historical Time. Trans. Tribe, Keith. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Koselleck, Reinhart and Reichardt, Rolf, eds. Die Französische Revolution als Bruch des Gesellschaftlichen Bewußtseins. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto. Emancipation(s). London: Verso, 2007 [1996].Google Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto. “Identity and Hegemony: The Role of Universality in the Constitution of Political Logics.” In Butler, Judith, Laclau, Ernesto, and Zizek, Slavoj, Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left, 44–89. London: Verso, 2000.Google Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto. On Populist Reason. London: Verso, 2004.Google Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto. Politics and Ideology in Marxist Theory: Capitalism, Fascism, Populism. London: New Left Books, 1977.Google Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto. “Populism: What’s in a Name?” In Panizza, Francisco, ed., Populism and the Mirror of Democracy, 32–49. London: Verso, 2005.Google Scholar

Laclau, Ernesto and Mouffe, Chantal. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. 2nd edn. London: Verso, 2001.Google Scholar

Ladurie, Emmanuel Le Roy. The Ancien Régime: A History of France 1610–1774. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.Google Scholar

Landes, Joan. Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Linebaugh, Peter and Rediker, Marcus. The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic. Boston: Beacon Press, 2000.Google Scholar

Louverture, Toussaint. Letter to Napoléon from the Dungeon of Fort Joux, 30 Fructidor, an XI (17 Sept 1802). Reprinted in Beard, John Relly. Toussaint L’Ouverture: A Biography and Autobiography, 279. Boston: James Redpath, 1863.Google Scholar

Louverture, Toussaint. Lettres à la France: Idées pour la Liberation du Peuple Noir d’Haïti (1794–1798). Eds. Baggio, Antonio Maria and Augustin, Ricardo. Bruyères-le-Chatel, France: Nouvelle Cité, 2011.Google Scholar

Lucas, Colin. “The Crowd and Politics.” In Lucas, Colin, ed., The Political Culture of the French Revolution, vol. 2 of The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, 259–285. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Madiou, Thomas. Histoire d’Haïti, 8 vols. Port-au-Prince: Henri Deschamps, 1989 [1847].Google Scholar

Malcolm, Noel. “Hobbes’s Science of Politics and his Theory of Science.” In Bernhardt, Jean, ed., Hobbes Oggi: Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi Promosso da Arrigo Pacchi, Milano-Locarno 18–21 Maggio 1988, 145–157. Milano, Italy: F. Angeli, 1990.Google Scholar

Margolis, Joseph. “Foucault’s Problematic.” Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 1, 2 (1998): 36–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Markell, Patchen. “The Rule of the People: Arendt, Archê, and Democracy.” American Political Science Review (2006): 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Martel, James. Divine Violence: Walter Benjamin and the Eschatology of Sovereignty. New York: Routledge, 2012.Google Scholar

Marx, Karl and Engels, Friedrich. The German Ideology. New York: International Publishers, 1947.Google Scholar

Ménier, M. -A. and Debien, G.. “Journaux de Saint-Domingue.” Revue d’Histoire des Colonies 36 (1949): 424–475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Michel, Jean-Baptiste, et al. “Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books.” Science 331, 6014 (January 14, 2011): 176–182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Michelman, Frank. “How Can the People Ever Make the Laws? A Critique of Deliberative Democracy.” In Bohman, James and Rehg, William, eds., Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics, 145-171. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Mills, Charles. The Racial Contract. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Minois, Georges. Censure et Culture sous l’Ancien Régime. Paris: Fayard, 1995.Google Scholar

Mintz, Sidney W. Caribbean Transformations. Chicago: Aldine, 1974.Google Scholar

Moniteur Général de la Partie Française de Saint-Domingue (Cap Français). Bibliothèque Nationale de France.Google Scholar

Moreau de Saint-Méry, Médéric Louis Elie. Considérations Présentées aux Vrais Amis du Repos et du Bonheur de la France: A l’Occasion des Nouveaux Mouvemens de Quelques Soi-Disant Amis-des-Noirs. Paris, Imprimerie Nationale, 1791.Google Scholar

Moreau de Saint-Méry, Médéric Louis Elie. Description Topographique, Physique, Civile, Politique et Historique de la Partie Française de l’Isle Saint-Domingue. 3rd edn. 3 vols. Saint-Denis, France: Société Française d’Histoire d’Outre-Mer, 2004 [1796].Google Scholar

Mouffe, Chantal. The Democratic Paradox. London: Verso, 2000.Google Scholar

Mounier, Jean Joseph. Speech before the Assemblée Nationale de France, September 4, 1789. Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860, première série, vol. 8, p. 624.Google Scholar

Näsström, Sofia. “The Legitimacy of the People.” Political Theory 35, 5 (2007): 624–658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nicholls, David. From Dessalines to Duvalier: Race, Colour, and National Independence in Haiti. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.Google Scholar

Ochoa Espejo, Paulina. The Time of Popular Sovereignty: Process and the Democratic State. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Constructing Citizens.” Journal of Politics 70, 1 (2008): 40–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Epistemologies of Rebellion: The Tricolor Cockade and the Problem of Subaltern Speech,” Political Theory 43, 6 (2015): 730–752.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Governmental Rationality and Popular Sovereignty.” Current Perspectives in Social Theory 25 (2008): 329–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Paradoxes of Constitutional Democracy.” American Journal of Political Science 51, 2 (2007): 330–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Participatory Parity and Democratic Justice.” In Fraser, Nancy, Adding Insult to Injury: Nancy Fraser Debates Her Critics, ed. Olson, Kevin, 246–272. London: Verso, 2008.Google Scholar

Olson, Kevin. Reflexive Democracy: Political Equality and the Welfare State. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Olson, Kevin. “Reflexive Democracy as Popular Sovereignty.” In de Bruin, Boudewijn and Zurn, Christopher, eds., New Waves in Political Philosophy, 125–142. London: Palgrave, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ovid, . Metamorphoses. Trans. Innes, Mary. New York: Penguin, 1970.Google Scholar

Ozouf, Mona. Festivals and the French Revolution. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Ozouf, Mona. “L’Opinion Publique.” In Baker, Keith, ed., The Political Culture of the Old Regime, vol. 1 of The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, 419–434. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Ozouf, Mona. “La Révolution Française et l’Idée de l’Homme Nouveau.” In Lucas, Colin, ed., The Political Culture of the French Revolution, vol. 2 of The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture, 213–232. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Parker, Harold. The Cult of Antiquity and the French Revolutionaries: A Study in the Development of the Revolutionary Spirit. New York: Octagon, 1965 [1937].Google Scholar

Pasquino, Pasquale. Sieyes et l’Invention de la Constitution en France. Paris: Odile Jacob, 1998.Google Scholar

Pasquino, Pasquale. Le Patriote François. Ed. J. -P. Brissot de Warville. Bibliothèque Nationale de France.Google Scholar

Paulson, Ronald. Representations of Revolution: 1789–1820. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983.Google Scholar

Pellegrin, Nicole. Les Vêtements de la Liberté: Abécédaire des Pratiques Vestimentaires en France de 1780 à 1800. Aix-en-Provence: Alinea, 1989.Google Scholar

Popkin, Jeremy. Revolutionary News: The Press in France 1789–1799. Durham: Duke University Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Popkin, Jeremy. You Are All Free: The Haitian Revolution and the Abolition of Slavery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Pottinger, David. The French Book Trade in the Ancien Regime, 1500–1791. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pouy, Ferdinand. Histoire des Cocardes Blanches, Noires, Vertes, and Tricolores. 2eme édition. Paris: Baur et Détaille, 1872.Google Scholar

Preamble to the [French] Constitution of 24 June 1793, entitled Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen. Reprinted in Les Constitutions de la France depuis 1789, 42–45. Paris: Édouard Proux, 1848.Google Scholar

Preamble to the [French] Constitution of 5 Fructidor, year III (22 août 1795), also known as La Déclaration des droits et devoirs de l’homme et du citoyen de 1795. Reprinted in Les Constitutions de la France depuis 1789, 66–68. Paris: Édouard Proux, 1848.Google Scholar

Price, Richard, ed. Maroon Societies: Rebel Slave Communities in the Americas. 3rd edn. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Proust, Jacques. “L’Image du Peuple au Travail dans les Planches de l’Encyclopédie.” In Centre Aixois d’Études et de Recherches sur le Dix-Huitième Siècle, Images du Peuple au Dix-huitième Siecle, 65–85. Paris: Armand Colin, 1973.Google Scholar

Raimond, Julien. “Assertions Contenues dans les Lettres de Raimond du 4 Mars à 21 Octobre 1791.” Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 56, dossier 549.Google Scholar

Raimond, Julien. “Assertions Extraits de la Correspondance de Raimond.” Compiled by the Comité de la Marine et des Colonies. Archives Nationales de France, series D, subseries XXV, carton 56, dossier 549.Google Scholar

Raimond, Julien. Observations sur l’Origine et les Progrés [sic] du Préjugé des Colons Blancs contre les Hommes de Couleur. Paris: Belin, 1791.Google Scholar

Haïtienne, République. Constitution de 1843. Reprinted in Janvier, Louis-Joseph, ed., Les Constitutions d’Haïti (1801–1885), 154–186. Paris: Flammarion, 1886.Google Scholar

Rey, Alain. “Révolution”: Histoire d’un Mot. Paris: Gallimard, 1989.Google Scholar

Riley, Patrick. The General Will Before Rousseau. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Robespierre, Maximilien. “Second Discours sur le Jugement de Louis Capet” [speech to the National Convention, December 28, 1792]. Oeuvres de Maximilien Robespierre, vol. 9. Paris: Éditions de Miraval, 2007.Google Scholar

Rosanvallon, Pierre. Le Peuple Introuvable: Histoire de la Représentation Démocratique en France. Paris: Gallimard, 1998.Google Scholar

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Confessions. Trans. Scholar, Angela. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000 [1770].Google Scholar

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Considerations on the Government of Poland and on Its Planned Reformation [1772]. In The Collected Writings of Rousseau, vol. 11. Dartmouth: University Press of New England, 1990.Google Scholar

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Du Contract Social: Ou, Principes du Droit Politique. In Rousseau, , Oeuvres Complètes, vol. 3. Paris: Pléiade, 1964.Google Scholar

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. On the Social Contract. In Barker, Sir Ernest, ed., Social Contract. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1960.Google Scholar

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. On the Social Contract. Trans. Cress, Donald. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987.Google Scholar

Rudé, George. The Crowd in History: A Study of Popular Disturbances in France and England, 1730–1848. New York: Wiley, 1964.Google Scholar

Rudé, George. The Crowd in the French Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959.Google Scholar

Ryle, Gilbert. The Concept of Mind. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1949.Google Scholar

Santner, Eric L. The Royal Remains: The People’s Two Bodies and the Endgames of Sovereignty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sassen, Saskia. Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Schmitt, Carl. “The Age of Neutralizations and Depoliticizations” [1929]. Trans. Konzett, Matthias and McCormick, John. In The Concept of the Political, expanded edition, 80–96. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schmitt, Carl. Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty. Trans. Schwab, George. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985.Google Scholar

Schnapp, Jeffrey and Tiews, Matthew, eds. Crowds. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Schwab, Richard. “The Extent of the Chevalier de Jaucourt’s Contribution to Diderot’s Encyclopedie.” Modern Language Notes 72, 7 (1957): 507–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scott, David. Conscripts of Modernity: The Tragedy of Colonial Enlightenment. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Scott, James. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar

Scott, Julius S. “The Common Wind: Currents of Afro-American Communications in the Era of the Haitian Revolution.” PhD Diss., Duke University, 1986.Google Scholar

Sewell, William H. A Rhetoric of Bourgeois Revolution: The Abbé Sieyes and What is the Third Estate? Durham: Duke, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sieyès, Emmanuel. “An Essay on Privileges.” In Sonenscher, Michael, ed., Political Writings, 69–91. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2003.Google Scholar

Sieyès, Emmanuel. “Observations sur le Rapport du Comité de Constitution, Concernant la Nouvelle Organisation de la France” [1789]. In Sieyès, Écrits Politiques, Zapperi, Roberto, ed., 245–291. Paris: Editions des Archives Contemporaines, 1985.Google Scholar

Sieyès, Emmanuel. “Préliminaire de la Constitution” [1789]. In Sieyès, Écrits Politiques, Zapperi, Roberto, ed., 189–206. Paris: Editions des Archives Contemporaines, 1985.Google Scholar

Sieyès, Emmanuel. “What is the Third Estate?” [1789]. In Sieyès, Political Writings, Sonenscher, Michael, ed., 92–162. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2003.Google Scholar

Smith, Rogers. Stories of Peoplehood: The Politics and Morals of Political Membership. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Song, Sarah. “The Boundary Problem in Democratic Theory: Why the Demos Should Be Bounded by the State.” International Theory 4, 1 (2012): 39–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. “Can the Subaltern Speak?” Rev. edn. In Morris, Rosalind, ed., Can the Subaltern Speak: Reflections on the History of an Idea, 21–78. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Spruyt, Hendrik. The Sovereign State and Its Competitors. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tackett, Timothy. Becoming a Revolutionary: The Deputies of the French National Assembly and the Emergence of a Revolutionary Culture, 1789–1790. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Taylor, Charles. Modern Social Imaginaries. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Taylor, Charles. “Modernity and Difference.” In Gilroy, P., Grossberg, L., and McRobbie, A., eds., Without Guarantees: In Honour of Stuart Hall, 364–374. London: Verso, 2000.Google Scholar

Taylor, Charles. “Two Theories of Modernity.” Public Culture 11, 1 (1999): 153–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Thongchai, Winichakul. Siam Mapped: A History of the Geo-Body of a Nation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994.Google Scholar

Thornton, John K. “‘I Am the Subject of the King of Congo’: African Political Ideology and the Haitian Revolution.” Journal of World History 4, 2 (Fall, 1993): 181–214.Google Scholar

Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Haiti, State Against Nation: The Origins and Legacy of Duvalierism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995.Google Scholar

Vassière, Pierre de. Saint-Domingue: La Société et la Vie Créoles sous l’Ancien Régime, 1629–1789. Paris: Perrin, 1908.Google Scholar

Virno, Paolo. A Grammar of the Multitude: For an Analysis of Contemporary Forms of Life. Cambridge, MA: Semiotext(e), 2003.Google Scholar

Voltaire, François Marie Arouet de. Letter to Damilaville, April 1, 1766 (D13232). In Besterman, T., ed., The Complete Works of Voltaire, vol. 114: Correspondence, 155–156. Banbury, UK: Voltaire Foundation, 1973.Google Scholar

Voltaire, François Marie Arouet de. Letter to Damilaville, May 12, 1766 (D13295). In Besterman, T., ed., The Complete Works of Voltaire, vol. 114: Correspondence, 218–219. Banbury, UK: Voltaire Foundation, 1973.Google Scholar

Weber, Eugen. Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870–1914. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Whelan, Frederick. “Democratic Theory and the Boundary Problem.” In Pennock, J. Roland and Chapman, John, eds., Nomos XXV: Liberal Democracy, 13–47. New York: New York University Press, 1983.Google Scholar

Wittgenstein, Ludwig. Philosophical Investigations. 2nd edn. Trans. Anscombe, G. E. M. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1958.Google Scholar

Wrigley, Richard. The Politics of Appearances: Representations of Dress in Revolutionary France. Oxford: Berg, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Zerilli, Linda. Feminism and the Abyss of Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar