Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Foreword by Professor Lord Ara Darzi KBE
- Preface
- Section 1 Perioperative care
- Section 2 Surgical emergencies
- Section 3 Surgical disease
- Hernias
- Dysphagia: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
- Dysphagia: oesophageal neoplasia
- Dysphagia: oesophageal dysmotility syndromes
- Gastric disease: peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
- Gastric disease: gastric neoplasia
- Hepatobiliary disease: jaundice
- Hepatobiliary disease: gallstones and biliary colic
- Hepatobiliary disease: pancreatic cancer
- Hepatobiliary disease: liver tumours
- The spleen
- Inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn's disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease: infective colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease: non-infective colitis
- Colorectal disease: colorectal cancer
- Colorectal disease: colonic diverticular disease
- Perianal: haemorrhoids
- Perianal: anorectal abscesses and fistula in ano
- Perianal: pilonidal sinus and hidradenitis suppurativa
- Perianal: anal fissure
- Chronic limb ischaemia
- Abdominal aortic aneurysms
- Diabetic foot
- Carotid disease
- Raynaud's syndrome
- Varicose veins
- General aspects of breast disease
- Benign breast disease
- Breast cancer
- The thyroid gland
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal pathology
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)
- Obstructive urological symptoms
- Testicular lumps and swellings
- Haematuria
- Brain tumours
- Hydrocephalus
- Spinal cord injury
- Superficial swellings and skin lesions
- Section 4 Surgical oncology
- Section 5 Practical procedures, investigations and operations
- Section 6 Radiology
- Section 7 Clinical examination
- Appendices
- Index
Abdominal aortic aneurysms
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 July 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Foreword by Professor Lord Ara Darzi KBE
- Preface
- Section 1 Perioperative care
- Section 2 Surgical emergencies
- Section 3 Surgical disease
- Hernias
- Dysphagia: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
- Dysphagia: oesophageal neoplasia
- Dysphagia: oesophageal dysmotility syndromes
- Gastric disease: peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
- Gastric disease: gastric neoplasia
- Hepatobiliary disease: jaundice
- Hepatobiliary disease: gallstones and biliary colic
- Hepatobiliary disease: pancreatic cancer
- Hepatobiliary disease: liver tumours
- The spleen
- Inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn's disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease: infective colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease: non-infective colitis
- Colorectal disease: colorectal cancer
- Colorectal disease: colonic diverticular disease
- Perianal: haemorrhoids
- Perianal: anorectal abscesses and fistula in ano
- Perianal: pilonidal sinus and hidradenitis suppurativa
- Perianal: anal fissure
- Chronic limb ischaemia
- Abdominal aortic aneurysms
- Diabetic foot
- Carotid disease
- Raynaud's syndrome
- Varicose veins
- General aspects of breast disease
- Benign breast disease
- Breast cancer
- The thyroid gland
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal pathology
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)
- Obstructive urological symptoms
- Testicular lumps and swellings
- Haematuria
- Brain tumours
- Hydrocephalus
- Spinal cord injury
- Superficial swellings and skin lesions
- Section 4 Surgical oncology
- Section 5 Practical procedures, investigations and operations
- Section 6 Radiology
- Section 7 Clinical examination
- Appendices
- Index
Summary
Introduction
Prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is 3% in those >50 years. The frequency increases steadily in men >55 yrs, reaching a peak of 5.9% at 80–85 yrs. In women, the peak is 4.5% at age > 90 years. Male: female ratio is 4:1. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are 3–7 times more common than thoracic aneurysms. Other aneurysms coexisting with abdominal are iliac (20–30%) and femoropopliteal (15%). Popliteal aneurysms are a marker of AAA. AAAs are present in 8% of patients with unilateral and in 50% with bilateral popliteal aneurysms. Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased incidence of AAA, 8:1 as compared with non-smokers. Popliteal aneurysms are the most common peripheral arterial aneurysms. Atherosclerotic in 95%, M:F 30:1, sixth to seventh decade, bilateral in 50%. Rare causes are entrapment syndrome or trauma.
Definition
An aneurysm is a permanent localized dilation of an artery with an increase in diameter of greater than 50% (1.5 times) its normal diameter. Ectasia refers to dilation of an artery that does not reach the above threshold.
Classification
True (contains all components of the arterial wall – intima, media and adventitia) or false (only adventitia). Congenital or acquired (atherosclerosis, trauma, infection, or medial cystic necrosis). Saccular (arising from one part of the arterial wall) or fusiform (generalized dilation of the arterial wall) (Figures 103 and 104). The aneurysms can also be divided into: aneurysms of the aortoiliac area, peripheral aneurysms and splanchnic aneurysms. They may present electively or in an emergency.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Hospital SurgeryFoundations in Surgical Practice, pp. 459 - 463Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009