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16 - Mood and modality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2013

Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
Affiliation:
La Trobe University, Victoria
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Summary

Tariana distinguishes interrogative and imperative moods. Interrogative mood is marked through a separate set of evidentials fused with tense (see §14.2). Imperatives are discussed in §16.1. Modalities include: frustrative (§16.2), intentional (§16.3), apprehensive (§16.4), uncertainty (§16.5), conditional (§16.6), purposive (§16.7) and counter-expectation (§16.8). Declarative-assertive – which can combine with most modalities – is discussed in §16.9. Modalities expressed with complex predicates are the admirative and the epistemic construction – see §19.6 and §19.1.

Imperatives

Tariana has the following distinctions in the positive imperative:

  1. • simple (unmarked) – §16.1.1;

  2. • proximate (‘do here’) – §16.1.2;

  3. • distal (‘do there’)- §16.1.2;

  4. • postponed (‘do some time later’) – § 16.1.2;

  5. • detrimental (‘do to your own detriment’) – § 16.1.3;

  6. • by proxy (order on someone else's behalf) – § 16.1.4;

  7. • conative precative (‘please try and do’) – §16.1.5;

  8. • cohortative (‘let's do’) – §16.1.6;

  9. • polite suggestion (‘please do’) – § 16.1.7.

There are two more imperatives, possibly, borrowed from Tucano – see §16.1.8. The negative imperative is discussed in §17.3. It has just three distinctions: a general prohibitive marked with mhãida, a reported form marked with -pida, and polite suggestion -nha. Two imperative markers are also used in interrogative clauses – the polite suggestion -nha (§16.1.7) and the postponed imperative -wa (§16.1.2).

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

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  • Mood and modality
  • Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, La Trobe University, Victoria
  • Book: A Grammar of Tariana, from Northwest Amazonia
  • Online publication: 05 August 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107050952.020
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  • Mood and modality
  • Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, La Trobe University, Victoria
  • Book: A Grammar of Tariana, from Northwest Amazonia
  • Online publication: 05 August 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107050952.020
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Mood and modality
  • Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, La Trobe University, Victoria
  • Book: A Grammar of Tariana, from Northwest Amazonia
  • Online publication: 05 August 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107050952.020
Available formats
×