Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Notation
- 1 Introduction to erosion and sedimentation
- 2 Physical properties and dimensional analysis
- 3 Mechanics of sediment-laden flows
- 4 Particle motion in inviscid fluids
- 5 Particle motion in Newtonian fluids
- 6 Turbulent velocity profiles
- 7 Incipient motion
- 8 Bedforms
- 9 Bedload
- 10 Suspended load
- 11 Total load
- 12 Reservoir sedimentation
- Appendix: Einstein's sediment transport method
- Bibliography
- Index
11 - Total load
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Notation
- 1 Introduction to erosion and sedimentation
- 2 Physical properties and dimensional analysis
- 3 Mechanics of sediment-laden flows
- 4 Particle motion in inviscid fluids
- 5 Particle motion in Newtonian fluids
- 6 Turbulent velocity profiles
- 7 Incipient motion
- 8 Bedforms
- 9 Bedload
- 10 Suspended load
- 11 Total load
- 12 Reservoir sedimentation
- Appendix: Einstein's sediment transport method
- Bibliography
- Index
Summary
Every sediment particle that passes a given stream cross section must satisfy the following two conditions: (1) It must have been eroded somewhere in the watershed above the cross section; and (2) it must be transported by the flow from the place of erosion to the cross section. To this statement, Einstein (1964) added that each of these two conditions may limit the rate of sediment transport depending on the relative magnitude of two controls: (1) the transport capacity of the stream and (2) the availability of material in the watershed. The amount of material transported in a stream therefore depends on two groups of variables: (1) those governing the sediment transport capacity of the stream such as channel geometry, width, depth, shape, wetted perimeter, alignment, slope, vegetation, roughness, velocity distribution, tractive force, turbulence, and uniformity of discharge; and (2) those reflecting the quality and quantity of material made available for transport by the stream, including watershed topography, geology, the magnitude, intensity, and duration of rainfall and snowmelt, weathering, vegetation, cultivation, grazing and land use, soil type, particle size, shape, specific gravity, resistance to wear, settling velocity, mineralogy, cohesion, surface erosion, bank cutting, and sediment supply from tributaries.
A quantitative analysis of the amount of sediment supplied to a stream from a watershed is usually difficult to perform because of the complexity of the physical processes involved and the spatial and temporal variability of all the parameters describing upland erosion from local rainstorms and bank erosion processes.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Erosion and Sedimentation , pp. 204 - 241Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1995