Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-04T13:53:38.641Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part II - Atheisms in History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2021

Michael Ruse
Affiliation:
Florida State University
Stephen Bullivant
Affiliation:
St Mary's University, Twickenham, London
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Chang, R. H. 2000. “Understanding di and tian: deity and heaven from Shang to Tang Dynasties.Sino-Platonic Papers 108, i54.Google Scholar
Hardacre, H. 2017. Shinto: A History. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Havens, N. 1998. “Immanent legitimation: reflections on the ‘Kami Concept,’” Contemporary Papers on Japanese Religion: Kami 4, 111. Available at: www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp/ijcc/wp/cpjr/kami/havens.html.Google Scholar
Holtom, D. C. 1940a. “The meaning of kami: Chapter I. Japanese derivations.Monumenta Nipponica 3(1), 127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holtom, D. C. 1940b. “The meaning of kami: Chapter II. Interpretations by Japanese writers.” Monumenta Nipponica 3(2), 392413.Google Scholar
Hudson, M. J. 1992. “Rice, bronze, and chieftains: an archaeology of Yayoi ritual.Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 19(2–3), 139–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inoue, N. 1998. “Perspectives toward understanding the concept of kami.” Contemporary Papers on Japanese Religion: Kami 4, 110.Google Scholar
Josephson, J. Ā. 2012. The Invention of Religion in Japan. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Kindle edition.Google Scholar
Kasulis, T. P. 2018. Engaging Japanese Philosophy: A Short History. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press.Google Scholar
Kidder, J. E. 2007. Himiko and Japan’s Elusive Chiefdom of Yamatai: Archaeology, History, and Mythology. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press.Google Scholar
Masuzawa, T. 2012. The Invention of World Religions: Or, How European Universalism Was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Kindle edition.Google Scholar
Nonno, T. 2015. “On Ainu etymology of key concepts of Shinto: tamashii and kami.Cultural Anthropology and Ethnosemiotics 1(1), 2435.Google Scholar
Ōbayashi, T. 1987. “Jomon to Yayoi no haka: Minzokugaku teki kaishaku,” 縄文と 弥生の墓一民 学的解釈, “Jomon and Yayoi graves: An ethnographic explanation.Yayoi bunka no kenkyū: Matsuri to haka to yosooi, 弥生文化の研究, Research of Yayoi Culture: What is the Festival 8:165–73.Google Scholar
Ueda, M. 1976. Wakoku no sekai, 倭国 の 世 界, The World of the Wa. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Bremmer, J. 2007. ‘Atheism in antiquity’, in Martin, M. (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1126.Google Scholar
Burnyeat, M. E. 1982. ‘Gods and heaps’, in Schofield, M. and Nussbaum, M. (eds.) Language and Logos: Studies in Ancient Greek Philosophy Presented to G. E. L. Owen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 315–38.Google Scholar
Cancik-Lindemaier, H. 2006. ‘Gottlosigkeit im Altertum: Materialismus, Pantheismus, Religionskritik, Atheismus’, in Faber, R. and Lanwerd, S. (eds.) Atheismus: Ideologie, Philosophie oder Mentalität? Würzberg, 1533.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. 2008. The Greeks and Greek Love: a Radical Reappraisal of Homosexuality in Ancient Greece. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.Google Scholar
Davies, M. 1989. ‘Sisyphus and the invention of religion (‘Critias’ TrGF 1 (43) F 19 = B 25 DK)’. BICS 36, 1632.Google Scholar
Decharme, P. 1904. La critique des traditions religieuses chez les Grecs des origines au temps de Plutarque. Paris.Google Scholar
Dorival, G. and Pralon, D. (eds.) 2002. Nier les dieux, nier dieu. Aix-en-Provence.Google Scholar
Drachmann, A. 1922. Atheism in Pagan Antiquity. London.Google Scholar
Fahr, W. 1969. ΘΕΟΥΣ ΝΟΜΙΖΕΙΝ: Zum Problem der Anfänge des Atheismus bei den Griechen. Hildesheim.Google Scholar
Gillespie, S. and Mackenzie, D. 2010. ‘Lucretius and the moderns’, in Gillespie, S. and Hardie, P. (eds.) The Cambridge Companion to Lucretius. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 306–24.Google Scholar
Graham, D. W. 2010. The Texts of Early Greek Philosophy: The Complete Fragments and Selected Testimonies of the Major Presocratics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Greenblatt, S. 2011. The Swerve: How the World Became Modern. New York: W.W. Norton.Google Scholar
Halperin, D. M. 1990. One Hundred Years of Homosexuality and Other Essays on Greek Love. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Henrichs, A. 1975. ‘Two doxographical notes: Democritus and Prodicus on religion’. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 79, 93123.Google Scholar
Ley, H. 1966. Geschichte der Aufklärung und des Atheismus, Band 1. Berlin.Google Scholar
Lloyd, G. E. R. 1990. Demystifying Mentalities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Long, A. A. (ed.) 1999. The Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loraux, N. 1993. ‘Éloge d’anachronisme en histoire’. Le Genre Humain 27, 2339. Republ. (2005) in Espaces Temps 87, 127–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mikalson, J. D. 1991. Honor Thy Gods: Popular Religion in Greek Tragedy. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press Books.Google Scholar
Nongbri, B. 2013. Before Religion: a History of a Modern Concept. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
O’Sullivan, P. 2012. ‘Sophistic ethics, old atheism, and “Critias” on religion’. Classical World 105, 167–85.Google Scholar
Pechstein, N. 1998. Euripides Satyrographos: ein Kommentar zu den euripideischen Satyrspielfragmenten. Stuttgart and Leipzig.Google Scholar
Riedweg, C. 1990. ‘The “atheistic” fragment from Euripides’ Bellerophontes (286 N2)’. Illinois Classical Studies 15, 3953.Google Scholar
Romer, F. E. 1994. Atheism, impiety and the Limos Melios in Aristophanes’ Birds’. American Journal of Philology 115, 351–65.Google Scholar
Runia, D. 2010. ‘Atheists in Aëtius: text, translation and comments on De Placitis 1.7.1–10’, in Mansfield, J. and Runia, D, Aëtiana Volume III: Studies in the Doxographical Traditions of Greek Philosophy. Leiden: Brill, 343–74.Google Scholar
Sedley, D. N. 2013a. ‘The Pre-Socratics to the Hellenistic age’, in Bullivant, S and Ruse, M (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Atheism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 139–51.Google Scholar
Sedley, D. N. 2013b. ‘The atheist underground’, in Harte, V. and Lane, M. (eds.) Politeia in Greek and Roman Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 329–48.Google Scholar
Shapiro, S. 1999. ‘Hippon the atheist: the surprisingly intelligent views of Hippon of Samos’. Journal of Ancient Civilizations 14, 111–23.Google Scholar
Turner, F. 1973. ‘Lucretius among the Victorians’. Victorian Studies 16, 329–48.Google Scholar
Versnel, H. S. 2011. Coping with the Gods: Wayward Readings in Greek Theology. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Warren, J. 2007. Presocratics. Stocksfield: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2014. ‘Atheist aesthetics: The Sisyphus fragment, poetics, and the creativity of drama’. Cambridge Classical Journal 60, 109–24.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2015. Battling the Gods: Atheism in the Ancient World. New York: Faber & Faber.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2016. ‘Diagoras, Bellerophon and the siege of Olympus’. Journal of Hellenic Studies 136, 182–6.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2017. ‘“Away with the atheists!” Christianity and “militant atheism” in the second century CE’, in Carleton-Paget, J. and Lieu, J. (eds.) Christianity in the Second Century AD. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 265–80.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2020. ‘The invention of atheism and the invention of religion’, in Edelmann-Singer, B., Nicklas, T., and Spittler, J. (eds.) Insider Doubt: Sceptic and Believer in Ancient Mediterranean Religions. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2018. ‘Theomachy and theology in early Greek myth: the case of the Aeolids’. Philosophie Antique 18, 1336.Google Scholar
Winiarczyk, M. 1976. ‘Der erste Atheistenkatalog des Kleitomachus’. Philologus 120, 3246.Google Scholar
Winiarczyk, M. 2013. The Sacred History of Euhemerus of Messene. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Winiarczyk, M. 2016. Diagoras of Melos: A Contribution to the History of Ancient Atheism. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bibliography

Albrecht, J., Degelmann, C., Gasparini, V., et al. 2018. ‘Religion in the making: the lived ancient religion approach’. Religion 48, 568–93.Google Scholar
Ando, C. 2012. Roman Social Imaginaries. Language and Thought in Contexts of Empire. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Bremmer, J. N. 2007. ‘Atheism in antiquity’, in Martin, M. (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1126.Google Scholar
Cançik-Lindemaier, H. 2006. ‘Gottlosigkeit im Altertum. Materialismus – Pantheismus – Religionskritik – Atheismus’, in Harich-Schwarzbauer, H. and von Reibnitz, B. (eds.) Von Atheismus bis Zensur. Römische Lektüren in kulturwissenschaftlicher Absicht. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 1532.Google Scholar
Edwards, M. 2013. ‘The first millennium’, in Bullivant, S. and Ruse, M. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Atheism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 152–63.Google Scholar
Feeney, D. C. 1998. Literature and Religion at Rome: Cultures, Contexts and Beliefs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gordon, R. 2008. ‘Superstitio, superstition and religious repression in the late Roman republic and principate (100 BCE–300 CE)’, in Smith, S. and Knight, A. (eds.) Religion of Fools? Superstition Past and Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 7294.Google Scholar
Granger Cook, J. 2010. Roman Attitudes toward the Christians: From Claudius to Hadrian. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.Google Scholar
Lampe, G. W. H. 1969. A Patristic Greek Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Niehoff, M. 2018. Philo of Alexandria. An Intellectual Biography. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Philodemus, . 1996. On Piety. Critical Text with Commentary, ed. Obbink, D.. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 142–3.Google Scholar
Quillen, E. G. 2015. ‘Discourse analysis and the definition of atheism’. Science, Religion and Culture 2(3), 2535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynard, J. 1999. ‘La notion d’atheisme dans l’oeuvre de Philon d’Alexandrie’, in Dorival, G. and Pralon, D. (eds.) Nier les dieux, nier dieu. Actes du colloque organisé par le Centre Paul-Albert Férrier (UMR 6125) à la Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l’Homme les 1er et 2 avril 1999. Aix-en-Provence: Publications de l’Université de Provence, 211–21.Google Scholar
Rüpke, J. 2016. Religious Deviance in the Roman World: Superstition or Individuality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rüpke, J. 2017. Pantheon: A New History of Roman Religion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Scharfe, M. 2006. ‘Dilettanten des Atheismus. Zweifel und Gottlosigkeit in der europäischen Volkskultur’, in Faber, R. and Lanwerd, S. (eds.) Atheismus: Ideologie, Philosophie oder Mentalität?. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 151–60.Google Scholar
Sedley, D. 2013. ‘From the Pre-Socratics to the Hellenistic age’, in Bullivant, S. and Ruse, M. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Atheism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 140–51.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. 2015. Battling the Gods: Atheism in the Ancient World. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Banerjee, A. C. 1979. ‘Religious conditions of India before the rise of Buddhism’, in Our Heritage: 150th Anniversary Volume (1829–1874). Calcutta: Sanskrit College, 135–8.Google Scholar
Basham, A. L. 1954. The Wonder That Was India. London: Collins.Google Scholar
Bhattacharji, S. 1984. Literature of the Vedic Age, vol. 1. Calcutta: K. P. Bagchi.Google Scholar
Bhattacharya, R. 2001. ‘The first cause: rivals of god in ancient Indian thought’. Indian Skeptic, 14(8), 1923.Google Scholar
Bhattacharya, R. 2012. ‘Rationalism in Bengal: an overview’. Psyche and Society, 10(1), 4351.Google Scholar
Bhattacharya, R. 2016. ‘Darśana, philosophy and religion in pre-modern India’. Rev. Guillermo de Ockham, 14(1), 2532.Google Scholar
Dandekar, R. N. 1993. ‘Heretical doctrines in the Purāṇas’. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 72–73, 737–53.Google Scholar
Datta, R. 1983. Echoes from the East: Ṛigveda to Rabindranath, ed. Bandyopadhyay, S.. Calcutta: Sanskrit Pustak Bhandar.Google Scholar
Garbe, R. 1897. The Philosophy of Ancient India. Chicago, IL: Open Court Publishing.Google Scholar
Gerschheimer, G. 2007. ‘Les Six Doctrines de spéculation (ṣaṭtarkī) – Sur la categorization variable des systems philosophiques dans l’Inde classique’, in Preisendanz, K. (ed.) Expanding and Merging Horizons. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Science Press.Google Scholar
Halbfass, W. 1992. ‘Competing causalities: karma, Vedic rituals, and the natural world’, in Tradition and Reflection: Explorations in Indian Thought. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 291346.Google Scholar
Hazra, R. C. 1987 [1940]. Studies in the Purāṇic Records on Hindu Rites and Customs. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.Google Scholar
Hazra, R. C. 1958–63. Studies in the Upapurāṇas. 2 vols. Calcutta: Sanskrit College.Google Scholar
Mahābhārata, The. 1933–66, ed. Sukthankar, V. S. et al. Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute.Google Scholar
Padma Purāṇa, Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa. 1326 Bangla Sal [1919–20], ed. Tarkaratna, P.. Kalikata: Vangavasi.Google Scholar
Śaṅkarācārya, . 1982. Brahamasūtra with Śaṅkara’s Śārīrakabhāṣya, Bhāmatī, Kalpataru and Parimala. Varanasi: Chowkhamba.Google Scholar
Sarasvatī, M. 1977. Prasthānabhedaḥ. Pune: Anandashrama.Google Scholar
Sarup, L. (ed.). 1984. The Nighaṇṭu, and the Nirukta, 3rd edition. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.Google Scholar
Sarvanandājī Mahārāja, A. (ed.). 1978. Sūtrakṛtāṅgasūtram. Ācāraṅgasūtram and Sūtrakṛtāṅgasūtram with Niryukti of Ācārya Bhadravāhu Svāmī and the Commentary of Śīlāṅkācārya. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Indological Trust.Google Scholar
Siddharṣi, . Upamitabhavaprapañcā kathā. 1901–14, ed. Peterson, P. and Jacobi, H.. Calcutta: The Asiatic Society.Google Scholar
Vedantatirtha, N. 1944. ‘Introduction’, in Kusumāñjalikārikā of Udayanācārya with the Commentary, Kusumāñjalikārikāvyākhyā by Ramabhadra Sarvabhauma, and Sanskrit notes compiled by MM. Chandidasa Nyāya-tarkatīrtha. Calcutta: Calcutta University.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Abulafia, A. S. 1992. ‘Christians disputing disbelief: St. Anselm, Gilbert Crispin and Pseudo-Anselm’, in Lewis, B. and Niewöhner, F. (eds.) Religionsgespräche im Mittelalter. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 131–48.Google Scholar
Abulafia, A. S. and Evans, G. R. (eds.) 1986. The Works of Gilbert Crispin, Abbot of Westminster. London: British Academy/Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Abulafia, D. 1992. Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor. London: Pimlico.Google Scholar
Alighieri, D. 1995. The Divine Comedy, trans. A. Mandelbaum. London: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Anselm of Canterbury, Proslogion (text and translation in Logan 2009/2016: 2558).Google Scholar
Aristotle, . 1993. Posterior Analytics, trans. J. Barnes, 2nd edition. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Augustine, . 1956. ‘Homilies on the Gospel of John’, in Schaff, P. (ed.) A Select Library of the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church, first series, vol. 7. Grand Rapids, MI: W. R. Eerdmans.Google Scholar
Augustine, . 1991. The Trinity, trans. E. Hill. New York: New York City Press.Google Scholar
Augustine, . 2000. The Works of Saint Augustine: Exposition of the Psalms 1–32, vol. III/15, ed. Boulding, M.. New York: New York City Press.Google Scholar
Augustine, . 2001. The Works of Saint Augustine: Exposition of the Psalms 51–72, vol. III/17, ed. Boulding, M.. New York: New York City Press.Google Scholar
Aurelian, R. 2011. ‘Atomism’, in Lagerlund, H. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy: Philosophy between 500 and 1500, vol. 2. Dordrecht: Springer, 122–5.Google Scholar
Bazán, B. and Zimmermann, A. (eds.) 1974. Siger de Brabant: Écrits de logique, de morale et de physique. Louvain: Publications Universitaires.Google Scholar
Boccaccio, G. 2013. The Decameron, trans. W. Rebhorn. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Caesarius of Heisterbach. 1850. Dialogus miraculorum, vol. 1, ed. Strange, J.. Coloniae: Sumptibus J. M. Heberle (H. Lempertz & Co.).Google Scholar
Chaucer, G. 2011. ‘The Parson’s Tale’, in The Canterbury Tales, new edition. Abridged and trans. C. Cannon. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cornett, M. 2011. The form of confession: a later medieval genre for examining conscience. Doctoral Dissertation. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.Google Scholar
Crispin, G. 1986a. ‘De altaris sacramento’, in Abulafia, A. S. and Evans, G. R. (eds.) The Works of Gilbert Crispin, Abbot of Westminster. London: British Academy/Oxford University Press, 124–42.Google Scholar
Crispin, G. 1986b. ‘Dialogue of a Christian with a heathen’, in Abulafia, A. S. and Evans, G. R. (eds.) The Works of Gilbert Crispin, Abbot of Westminster. London: British Academy/Oxford University Press, 6187.Google Scholar
Dahan, G. 1990. ‘En marge du Proslogion de Saint Anselme: l’exégèse patristique et médiévale du Psaume 13’. Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du moyen âge, 57, 1129.Google Scholar
Davies, B. 2013. ‘Aquinas and atheism’, in Bullivant, S. and Ruse, M. (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Atheism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 119–35.Google Scholar
Denzinger, H. 2010. Enchiridion symbolorum definitionum et declarationum de rebus fidei et morum, 43rd edition, ed. Hünermann, P et al. San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press.Google Scholar
Dronke, P. 1984. Women Writers of the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dunphy, G. (ed.) 2003. Opitz’s Anno: The Middle High German Annolied in the 1639 Edition of Martin Opitz. Glasgow: Scottish Papers in Germanic Studies.Google Scholar
Easting, R. and Sharpe, R. (eds.) 2013. Peter of Cornwall’s Book of Revelations. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.Google Scholar
Flynn, M. 1995. ‘Blasphemy and the play of anger in sixteenth-century Spain’. Past and Present, 149, 2956.Google Scholar
Gerald of Wales. 1979. The Jewel of the Church: A Translation of Gemma Ecclesiastica, trans. J. Hagen. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Goetz, H. W. 2015. ‘God’, in Classen, A. (ed.) Handbook of Medieval Culture, vol. I. Berlin: De Gruyter, 613–27.Google Scholar
Gregory the Great. 1845. Morals on the Book of Job [Moralia in Job], vol. II: Parts III and IV. Oxford: John Henry Parker.Google Scholar
Hopkins, J. 2006. ‘Nicholas of Cusa’s intellectual relationship to Anselm of Canterbury’, in Casarella, P (ed.) The Legacy of Learned Ignorance. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 5473.Google Scholar
Hugh of Saint Victor. 1951. On the Sacraments of the Christian Faith (De Sacramentis), trans. R. Deferrari. Cambridge, MA: Mediaeval Academy of America.Google Scholar
Huizinga, J. 1996. The Autumn of the Middle Ages, trans. R. Payton and U. Mammitzsch. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyman, A. and Walsh, J. (eds.) 1973. Philosophy in the Middle Ages, 2nd edition. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company.Google Scholar
John the Scot [Eriugena]. 2011. Periphyseon: On the Division of Nature, trans. M. Uhlfelder. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock.Google Scholar
John XII, Pope, ‘In agro dominico’, in Denzinger, H., Enchiridion symbolorum definitionum et declarationum de rebus fidei et morum, 43rd edition, ed. P. Hünermann et al. San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press, §§950–80.Google Scholar
Le Roy Ladurie, E. 1990. Montaillou: Cathars and Catholics in a French village 1294–1324. Harmondsworth: Penguin.Google Scholar
Logan, I. Forthcoming. ‘Denying divinity: Anselm and atheism’, in Gasper, G. and Logan, I. (eds.) Anselm of Canterbury: Nature, Order and the Divine. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Logan, I. 2016 [2009]. Reading Anselm’s Proslogion: The History of Anselm’s Argument and Its Significance Today. Farnham: Ashgate. Reissued by Routledge in 2016.Google Scholar
Paris, Matthew. 1872. Matthaei Parisiensis, monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica majora. Volume II: A.D. 1067 to A.D. 1216, ed. Luard, H.. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Ms British Library Cotton Galba E.IV – Memoriale Multorum Henrici PriorisGoogle Scholar
Ms Vat Lat 4030 – Registrum confessionum et depositionum haereticorum Valdensium et Albigensium in civitate Appamiis annis 1318–1325 ab inquisitoribus Jacobo Furnarii, Bernardo Guidonis, Iohanni de Belna et Galhardo de Pomeriis, eius locumtenenti, iudicatiGoogle Scholar
Murray, A. 1972. ‘Piety and impiety in thirteenth-century Italy’. Studies in Church History 8, 83106.Google Scholar
Murray, A. 2015. ‘Confession as a historical source in the thirteenth century’, in Conscience and Authority in the Medieval Church. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4986.Google Scholar
Otloh of Saint Emmeram. 1998. ‘Liber de tentationibus suis’, in Goodich, M. (ed.) Other Middle Ages: Witnesses at the Margins of Medieval Society. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 159–64.Google Scholar
Platelle, H. 1997. Les Exemples du ‘Livre des abeilles. Turnhout: Brepols.Google Scholar
Pluta, O. 2011. ‘Atheism’, in Atucha, I. (ed.) Mots médiévaux offerts à Ruedi Imbach. Porto: Fédération Internationale des Instituts d’Études Médiévales, 119–28.Google Scholar
Power, E. 1992. Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
von Battle, Ralph [Ralph of Battle]. 2015. Dialoge Zur Philosophischen Theologie: Lateinisch Deutsch, edited and trans. Goebel, B., Niskanen, S., and Sønnesyn, S.. Freiburg Im Breisgau: Herder, 242491.Google Scholar
Reynolds, S. 1991. ‘Social mentalities and the case of medieval scepticism’. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 6th series, 1, 2141.Google Scholar
Rupert of Deutz, Super Job Commentarius (Patrologia Latina 168).Google Scholar
Germano, Ryccardi de Sancto. 1866. ‘Chronica (1189–1243)’, in Pertz, G. H. (ed.) Monumenta Germaniae Historica, vol. 19. Hannover: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, 321–84.Google Scholar
Schwerhoff, G. 2004. ‘Die alltägliche Auferstehung des Fleisches. Religiöser Spott und radikaler Unglaube um 1500’. Historische Anthropologie 12, 309–37.Google Scholar
Schwerhoff, G. 2008. ‘Horror crime or bad habit? Blasphemy in premodern Europe, 1200–1650Journal of Religious History 32, 398408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siger of Brabant. 1964. ‘On the eternity of the world (De aeternitate mundi)’, in St. Thomas Aquinas, Siger of Brabant, and St. Bonaventure, On the Eternity of the World (De aeternitate mundi), trans. from Latin with an Introduction by C. Vollert, L. Kendzierski, and P. Byne. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 7699.Google Scholar
Siger of Brabant. 1974. ‘Impossibilia’, in Bazán, B. and Zimmermann, A. (eds.) Siger de Brabant: Écrits de logique, de morale et de physique. Louvain: Publications Universitaires, 6797.Google Scholar
Tempier, S., et al. 1973. Condemnation of 219 Propositions, trans. E. Fortin and P. O’Neill, in Hyman, A. and Walsh, J. (eds.) Philosophy in the Middle Ages, 2nd edition. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, 584–91.Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas, St. 1964. ‘On the eternity of the world (De aeternitate mundi)’, in Aquinas, Thomas, Siger of Brabant, and Bonaventure, St, On the Eternity of the World (De aeternitate mundi), trans. from Latin with an introduction by C. Vollert, L. Kendzierski, and P. Byrne. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 1824.Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas, St. 1981. Summa Theologica [=Summa Theologiae], 5 vols., trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province. Allen, TX: Christian Classics.Google Scholar
Aquinas, Thomas, Siger of Brabant, and Bonaventure, St. 1964. On the Eternity of the World (De aeternitate mundi), trans. from Latin with an introduction by C. Vollert, L. Kendzierski, and P. Byrne. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press.Google Scholar
Thomas of Cantimpré. 1997. Bonum universale de apibus [The Book of Bees]. French translation in Platelle, H., Les Exemples du ‘Livre des abeilles. Turnhout: Brepols.Google Scholar
Thomson, J. 1965. The Later Lollards, 1414–1520. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
William of Ockham. 1970. Scriptum in Librum Primum Sententiarum Ordinatio: Distinctiones II–III, ed. Brown., S St Bonaventure, NY: University of St Bonaventure.Google Scholar
William of Ockham. 1980. Quodlibeta septem, ed. Wey, J.. St Bonaventure, NY: University of St Bonaventure.Google Scholar
Winstead, K. 2009. ‘Chaucer’s Parson’s Tale and the contours of orthodoxy’. The Chaucer Review, 43, 239–59.Google Scholar
Zaleski, C. 1988. Otherworld Journeys: Accounts of Near-Death Experience in Medieval and Modern Times. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Zupko, J. 2003. John Buridan: Portrait of a Fourteenth-Century Arts Master. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar

Bibliography

The Arabic definite article ‘al-’ is disregarded in the alphabetical order below.

Abdel Haleem, M. A. (transl.). 2004. The Qur’an. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Abū Ḥātim, al-Rāzī. 2003. Aʿlām al-Nubuwwa. Beirut: Dār al-Sāqī.Google Scholar
al-Aʿsam, ʿAbd al-Amīr. 2010. Taʾrīkh Ibn al-Rīwandī al-Mulḥid, vol. 1. Damascus: Dār al-Takwīn.Google Scholar
al-Ashʿarī, . 1929. Maqālāt al-Islāmiyyīn wa-Ikhtilāf al-Muṣallīn. 2 vols., ed. Ritter, Hellmut. Istanbul: Maṭbaʿat al-Dawla. Reprint 1963. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag.Google Scholar
Badran, Muhammad Abu al-Fadl. 1999. ‘“… denn die Vernunft ist ein Prophet” – Zweifel bei Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī’, in Niewöhner, Friedrich and Pluta, Olaf (eds.) Atheismus im Mittelalter und in der Renaissance. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 6184.Google Scholar
Daga Portillo, Rocio. 2017. ‘Fiqh in its historical context: a question of blasphemy law?’, in Hämeen-Anttila, Jaakko, Koskikallio, Petteri, and Lindstedt, Ilkka (eds.) Contacts and Interaction: Proceedings of the 27th Congress of the Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants, Helsinki 2014. Leuven: Peeters, 119–32.Google Scholar
Daiber, H. 1999. ‘Rebellion gegen Gott. Formen atheistischen Denkens im frühen Islam’, in Niewöhner, Friedrich and Pluta, Olaf (eds.) Atheismus im Mittelalter und in der Renaissance. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2344.Google Scholar
de Smet, Daniel. 1995. ‘Al-Muʾayyad fi d-Dīn aš-Šīrāzī et la polémique ismaélienne contre les ‘Brahmanes’ d’Ibn ar-Rāwandī’, in Vermeulen, Urbain and de Smet, Daniel (eds.) Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras. Leuven: Peeters, 8598.Google Scholar
Donner, F. M. 1998. Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginnings of Islamic Historical Writing. Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press.Google Scholar
Donner, F. M. 2002–2003. ‘From believers to Muslims: confessional self-identity in the early Islamic community’. Al-Abhath 50–51, 953.Google Scholar
Friedmann, Yohanan. 1979. ‘Literary and cultural aspects of the Luzūmiyyāt’, in Blau, Joshua, Pines, Shlomo, Kister, Meir Jacob, and Shaked, Shaul (eds.) Studia Orientalia: Memoriae D. H. Baneth dedicata. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 347–65.Google Scholar
Ghali, Elias Saad. 1981. ‘Le végétarisme et le doute chez Abu’l-‘Alā’ al-Ma‘arrī’. Bulletin d’études orientales 32–33, 100–12.Google Scholar
Gutas, D. 1998. Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early Abbasid Society (2nd–4th/8th–10th Centuries). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hegazi, M. 2017. ‘“Roads to Paradise” in Risālat al-ghufrān of the Arab Thinker al-Maʿarrī’, in Günther, Sebastian and Lawson, Todd (eds.) Roads to Paradise: Eschatology and Concepts of the Hereafter in Islam. Leiden: Brill, 850–7.Google Scholar
Ibn Ḥazm, . 1996. Al-Faṣl fī al-Milal wa-l-Ahwāʾ wa-l-Niḥal. 5 vols., ed. Ibrāhīm Naṣīr, Muḥammad and ʿUmayra, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. Beirut: Dār al-Jīl.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Jawzī, . 1367 AH. Talbīs Iblīs. Cairo: Maktabat al-Mutanabbī.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Jawzī, . 2010. Al-Muntaẓam fī Tawārīkh al-Mulūk wa-l-Umam. 10 vols., ed. Zakkār, Suhayl. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Nadīm, . 1870. Al-Fihrist, Ed. Flügel, Gustav. Leipzig: Verlag von F. C. W. Vogel.Google Scholar
Ibn al-Nadīm, . 1890. ‘Zum Kitâb al-Fihrist,’ ed. Houtsma, M. Th., Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 4, 217–35.Google Scholar
Ibn Ṭufayl, . 1972. Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān: A Philosophical Tale, trans. Lenn E. Goodman. New York: Twayne Publishers.Google Scholar
al-Jundī, Muḥammad Salīm. 1964. Al-Jāmiʿ fī Akhbār Abī al-ʿAlāʾ wa-Āthārih. 3 vols. Damascus: Dār Ṣādir.Google Scholar
al-Khayyāṭ, Abū l-Ḥusayn. 1957. Kitāb al-Intiṣār wa-l-Radd ʿalā Ibn al-Rawandī al-Mulḥid: Le livre du triomphe et de la réfutation d’Ibn Al Rawandi l’hérétique, ed. Nyberg, H. S., trans. Albert Nader. Beirut: Éditions les lettres orientales.Google Scholar
Kraus, Paul. 1934. ‘Beiträge zur islamischen Ketzergeschichte: Das Kitāb al-zumurrud des Ibn al-Rāwandī’. Rivista degli studi orientali 14, 93129, 335–79.Google Scholar
Kraus, Paul. 1936. ‘Extraits du kitâb a‘lâm al-nubuwwa d’Abû Hâtim al-Râzî’. Orientalia Nova Series 5, 3556, 358–78.Google Scholar
Kukkonen, T. 2014. Ibn Tufayl: Living the Life of Reason. London: Oneworld.Google Scholar
Lacey, R. K. 1995. ‘An 11th century Muslim’s syncretistic perspective of cosmology: Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī’s philosophical-poetic reflections in Luzūm mā lā Yalzam on make-up and dynamics of the universe’. The Muslim World 85, 122–46.Google Scholar
Lamptey, Jerusha Tanner. 2014. Never Wholly Other: A Muslima Theology of Religious Pluralism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lindstedt, Ilkka. 2011. ‘Anti-religious views in the works of Ibn al-Rāwandī and Abū l-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī’. Studia Orientalia 111, 131–57.Google Scholar
al-Maʿarrī, . 1961. Luzūm mā lā Yalzam. 2 vols. Beirut: Dar Ṣādir.Google Scholar
al-Maʿarrī, . 2013–2014. The Epistle of Forgiveness. 2 vols., ed. and trans. Gelder, Geert van and Schoeler, Gregor. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
al-Masʿūdī, . 1966–1979. Murūj al-Dhahab wa-Maʿādin al-Jawhar. 7 vols., ed. Pellat, Charles. Beirut: Publications de l’université libanaise.Google Scholar
al-Māturīdī, . 1970. Kitāb al-Tawhīd, ed. Khulayf, Fatḥallāh. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq.Google Scholar
Michot, Jean. 1987. La destinée de l’homme selon Avicenne: Le retour à Dieu (maʿâd) et l’imagination. Louvain: Peeters.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Reynold. 1921. ‘The meditations of Ma‘arrí’, in Studies in Islamic Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 43289. Reprinted in 1969.Google Scholar
Peltz, Christian. 2013. Der Koran des Abū l-ʿAlāʾ. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
al-Qifṭī, Jamāl al-Dīn. 1903. Ikhbār al-ʿUlamāʾ bi-Akhbār al-Ḥukamāʾ, ed. Lippert, Julius. Leipzig: Dieterichsche Verlagsbuchhandlung.Google Scholar
al-Rāzī, Abū Bakr. 1950. The Spiritual Physick of Rhazes, trans. Arthur J. Arberry. London: John Murray.Google Scholar
Ritter, H. 1931. ‘Philologika VI: Ibn al-Gauzīs Bericht über Ibn ar-Rewendī’. Der Islam 19, 17.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, F. 1983. Sweeter Than Hope: Complaint and Hope in Medieval Islam. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Saeed, Abdullah and Saeed, Hassan. 2004. Freedom of Religion, Apostasy and Islam. Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Saleh, Moustapha. 1969. ‘Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī: Bibliographie critique’. Bulletin d’études orientales 22, 133204.Google Scholar
Saleh, Moustapha. 1970. ‘Abū al-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī: Bibliographie critique: Études critiques modernes’. Bulletin d’études orientales 23, 197309.Google Scholar
Scmidtke, Sabine (ed.). 2016. The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sirry, Mun’im. 2014. Scriptural Polemics: The Qur’an and Other Religions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smoor, P. 1985. Kings and Bedouins in the Palace of Aleppo as Reflected in Maʿarrī’s Works. Manchester: University of Manchester.Google Scholar
Stroumsa, S. 1999. Freethinkers of Medieval Islam: Ibn al-Rāwandī, Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, and Their Impact on Islamic Thought. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Urvoy, D. 1996. Les penseurs libres dans l’Islam classique. Paris: Éditions Albin Michel.Google Scholar
Vallat, P. 2015. ‘Can man assess God’s goodness? A controversy between Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. 925) and Muʿtazilī Theologians’. Mélanges de l’Institut Dominicaine des Etudes Orientales du Caire 31, 213–51.Google Scholar
van Ess, Josef. 1991–1995. Theologie und Gesellschaft im 2. und 3. Jahrhundert Hidschra. Eine Geschichte des religiösen Denkens im frühen Islam. 6 vols. Berlin: de Gruyter.Google Scholar
von Kremer, Alfred. 1888. ‘Über die philosophischen Gedichte des Abul’alâ Ma‘arry’. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaft in Wien 117, 1108.Google Scholar
Winter, T. (ed.). 2008. The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×