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3 results

  • A rare case of Buschke–Lowenstein tumour of vulva treated with radical radiotherapy
  • Sutanuka Chakrabarti, Asmita Kulshrestha, Sonal Patel, Suryanarayana Kunikullaya, Ankit Sharma
  • Journal: Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice / Volume 22 / 2023
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 December 2022, e64
  • View abstract
    Introduction:

    Buschke–Lowenstein tumour (BLT) is a rare verrucous lesion often associated with human papillomavirus infection. It is an indolent but locally aggressive lesion usually arising from the genitalia or anorectum, with a potential risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. The first line of management is surgical or laser excision. Topical agents cryotherapy, radiotherapy and chemo-immunomodulators are reserved for residual or recurrent cases and smaller lesions.

    Methods:

    A 24-year-old female on antiretroviral therapy presented in our department with a large cauliflower-shaped growth involving the perineum, vulva and lower vagina. A biopsy of the lesion was suggestive of a BLT. Due to the extensive nature of the disease, surgery was deferred. The lesion was treated with definitive external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) using a 6-megavoltage photon beam on a Cobalt-60 unit.

    Results:

    Radiotherapy resulted in a significant response without any acute toxicity, following which, topical podophyllin application was advised for the residual perianal lesion. The patient is disease free after 9 months of follow-up.

    Conclusions:

    A multidisciplinary approach is important to treat the BLT. Lesions not amenable to surgery or local therapies can be treated with EBRT with reasonable control and acceptable toxicities.

  • Development of a transdiagnostic stepped care programme for common adolescent mental health problems in Indian secondary schools: lessons from a pilot study examining acceptability and feasibility
  • Kanika Malik, Maliha Ibrahim, Sonal Mathur, James E. Jose, Pooja Nair, Rooplata Sahu, Madhuri Krishna, Deepak Jangra, Rhea Mathews, Pim Cuijpers, Bruce Chorpita, Christopher G. Fairburn, Vikram Patel, Daniel Michelson
  • Journal: Cambridge Prisms: Global Mental Health / Volume 9 / 2022
  • Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 March 2022, pp. 521-525
    • Article
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  • View abstract
    Background

    The ‘PRemIum for aDolEscents’ (PRIDE) project has developed a school-based, transdiagnostic stepped care programme for common adolescent mental health problems in India. The programme comprises a brief problem-solving intervention (‘Step 1’) followed by a personalised cognitive-behavioural intervention (‘Step 2’) for participants who do not respond to the first step.

    Methods

    A mixed-method design was used to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the stepped care programme in five schools in New Delhi. Participants were N = 80 adolescents (mean age = 15.3 years, females = 55%) with elevated mental symptoms and associated distress/impairment.

    Results

    61 (76%) of the enrolled sample were assessed following Step 1, from which 33 (54%) met non-remission criteria. Among these 33 non-remitted cases, 12 (36%) opted for Step 2 and five (42%) completed the full programme. The remaining non-remitted cases (n = 21, 64%) opted out of further treatment. Perceived resolution of the primary problem (n = 9, 43%) was the most common reason for opting out. The median time to complete each step was 22 and 70 days respectively, with a gap of 31 days between steps. Qualitative feedback from adolescents and counsellors indicated requirements for a shorter delivery schedule, greater continuity across steps and more collaborative decision-making.

    Conclusions

    This study provides preliminary evidence for a stepped care programme aimed at common adolescent mental health problems. Modifications are recommended to enhance the acceptability and feasibility of the programme in low-resource settings.

  • 19 - A single molecule method to quantify miRNA gene expression
  • from IV - Detection and quantitation of microRNAs
    • By Sonal Patel, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, Joanne Garver, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, Michael Gallo, Epic Therapeutics, Inc. 220 Norwood Park Norwood, MA 02062 USA, Maria Hackett, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research 250 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Stephen McLaughlin, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, Steven R. Gullans, RxGen, Inc. New Haven, CT USA, Mark Nadel, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, John Harris, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, Duncan Whitney, US Genomics, Inc. 12 Gill Street, Suite 4700 Woburn, MA 01801 USA, Lori A. Neely, Technology & Pre-Development Millipore Corp. 80 Ashby Rd. Bedford, MA 01730 USA
  • Edited by Krishnarao Appasani
  • Foreword by Sidney Altman, Victor R. Ambros
  • Book: MicroRNAs
  • Published online: 22 August 2009
  • Print publication: 20 December 2007, pp 255-268
  • View extract

    Summary

    Introduction

    Deemed the “breakthrough of the year” by Science magazine in 2002, research into the biology of small RNA regulation has grown exponentially in recent years; however, the field is relatively nascent in terms of identifying and characterizing the universe of miRNAs and their expression in various biological states. According to the miRNA registry (release 6.0, www.sanger.ac.uk/Software/Rfam/mirna/index.shtml); of the 319 predicted human miRNAs the expressions of 234 have been experimentally verified by Northern blot, cloning, or microarray. Further, the total number of miRNAs within a genome is unknown. Thus, sensitive, specific, quantitative, and rapid methods for measuring the expression levels of miRNAs would significantly advance the field.

    The short 21 nucleotide nature of these molecules makes them difficult to study via conventional techniques. They are not easily amplified which makes miRNA microarrays and quantitative PCR technically challenging. Despite these challenges, several groups have undertaken miRNA microarray studies to quantify miRNA gene expression. Their approaches are similar in requiring up-front enrichment for small RNAs, reverse transcription, PCR amplification, labeling, and clean-up steps. While the arrays are superior at large scale screening they lack the ability to finely discriminate expression levels and are at best semi-quantitative. Theoretically the most sensitive technique to quantify miRNAs is reverse transcription RT-PCR (real time RT-PCR). However, this method is difficult in both assay (probe) design and execution. Tissue samples must be devoid of enzyme inhibitors to enable efficient reverse transcription and amplification steps (Tichopad et al., 2004).