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Page 1 of 4

  • 2 - Needs and Global Justice

  • Edited by Soran Reader, University of Durham
  • Foreword by Gillian Brock, University of Auckland
  • Book:
    A Philosophy of Need
    Published online:
    25 April 2024
    Print publication:
    02 May 2024, pp 78-109

  • Summary

    In this paper I argue that needs are tremendously salient in developing any plausible account of global justice. I begin by sketching a normative thought experiment that models ideal deliberating conditions. I argue that under such conditions we would choose principles of justice that ensure we are well positioned to be able to meet our needs. Indeed, as the experiment aims to show, any plausible account of distributive justice must make space for the special significance of our needs. I go on to offer some empirical support for this view by looking at the important work of Frohlich and Oppenheimer. I then present an account of our basic needs that can meet a number of goals: for instance, it provides a robust theoretical account of basic needs which can enjoy widespread support, and it can also provide an adequate framework for designing policy about needs, and thus help us to discharge our global obligations. I then briefly discuss the relationship between basic needs and human rights, arguing why the basic needs standard is more fundamental than—and required by—the human rights approach. Finally, I tackle a few important sets of objections to my view, especially some objections concerning distributing our responsibilities for meeting needs.

A Philosophy of Need
  • Edited by Soran Reader
  • Foreword by Gillian Brock
  • Published online:
    25 April 2024
    Print publication:
    02 May 2024
  • Appeals to need abound in everyday discussion. People make claims about their own needs all the time, and they do so in a way that suggests these should have a certain moral force. Needs also play an important role in contemporary popular discourse about social justice, climate change, obligations to future generations, dealing fairly with refugees, treating animals humanely, and critiques of consumerist lifestyles – to name just a few of the many examples. The idea of need is present in an increasing number of debates and domains. There is interest in need from several disciplines, not just philosophy, which also include psychology, economics, political science, social work and sociology. This volume, then, offers a fine introduction to an increasingly important concept in day-to-day life. In a new Foreword, Gillian Brock discusses the continuing significance of several innovative chapters in the book, indicating how they presaged new directions in philosophical conversation.

  • Appendix

  • from Chapter 32 - Evaluating Global Health Impact and Increasing Access to Essential Medicines
  • Edited by Solomon Benatar, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Gillian Brock, Professor of Philosophy, University of Auckland
  • Book:
    Global Health
    Published online:
    04 February 2021
    Print publication:
    18 February 2021, pp 413-415

  • Introduction

  • Edited by Solomon Benatar, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Gillian Brock, Professor of Philosophy, University of Auckland
  • Book:
    Global Health
    Published online:
    04 February 2021
    Print publication:
    18 February 2021, pp 1-14

  • Summary

    Improving and promoting global health continues to be one of the largest and most important challenges facing humanity in the twenty-first century. The task has become even more difficult since our first edition appeared almost a decade ago, given the accelerated destruction of the planet and the associated compounded threats to health that now present themselves. The emergence and spread of COVID-19 and the implications of this pandemic for life, health, and our planet exemplify how the world can change so rapidly and profoundly. The domino effects of the pandemic in an unstable global system are triggering multiple tipping points with implied radical alterations to the trajectory of life as we have known it. This is a stark reminder that despite all the major advances in science, healthcare, health, and longevity since the Enlightenment, and despite all the promises of genetic medicine and artificial intelligence, the long-term health and survival of our species are now, more than ever, intensely threatened.

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