A new ascomycete Ascomauritiana lignicola gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated from a specimen collected on submerged
wood in Mauritius. The taxon is compared with species of Arnium, Melanospora and Pustulipora, unitunicate ascomycetes having
brown ascospores with germ pores and with species of Argynna, Caryospora, Lepidopterella and Zopfia. Ascomauritiana is characterized
by large 5-septate, brown ascospores with polar germ pores and clavate, 4-spored asci that lack an apical ring and deliquesce early.
Its taxonomic placement in the Ascomycetes incertae sedis is discussed.