Through the use of the so-called variational Lyapunov method, which is developed by combining the method of variation of parameters and the Lyapunov second method, stability and instability properties in terms of two measures for impulsive differential equations with variable moments of impulsive effects are discussed. Some stability and instability criteria are established. These theorems, together with an example, show that perturbation and impulsive effects may make a stable system uniformly asymptotically stable or unstable. These results significantly generalize the known ones.