MethodsStudy Population
Participants applied via social media, identifying as individuals seeking to change relationships with alcohol. Inclusion criteria: Aged >18, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8–16, no history of withdrawal symptoms, or AUDIT score 16–20 but already abstinent for >14 days. Participants who had already been abstinent for >30 days excluded.
The Programme
Participants given unlimited access to Alma mobile application (app) for 4 weeks. Programme consisted of daily pledge to cut down drinking, drink diary to record alcohol use, weekly feedback on Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scores, unlimited access to mindfulness videos to manage cravings.
Statistical analysis
Mixed-effects linear regression used for analysis.
Results57 people volunteered for pilot study. 31 eligible to participate.
Engagement
Progressive weeks of programme showed attrition in user numbers. By end of 4-week programme, 77% (24/31) remained, 58% (18/31) submitted all data.
Safety
All participants asked if they had experienced no harm or distress from using app. 25 participants answered, 100% (25/25) responded “no”.
Efficacy
Self-reported capability to reduce drinking significantly increased over time (mean increase from baseline +0.3; p = 0.007). At week 4, 8/17 (47.1%) said that Alma had helped them cut down drinking a lot, and a further 8/17 (47.1%) said it helped them cut down a bit.
There was a trend for units drunk on the heaviest drinking day to reduce over time (−0.48 units) and total weekly consumption of units to reduce (−1.01 units), however not statistically significant. There was no trend for drinking days per week to reduce over time.
There was a significant reduction in PHQ-9 scores over time (−1.03; p < 0.001) and significant reduction in GAD-7 scores (−0.69; p < 0.001).
A total of 22/24 (92%) respondents said they would recommend Alma to friends and family, 1/24 (4%) would not.