The purpose of this paper is to examine the significance of a type of first-century pottery with moulded-relief decoration found mainly in Wiltshire. The ware is reminiscent of samian, copying (albeit sometimes loosely) its forms and certain of its decorative motifs, the vessels being formed in moulds as with true decorated samian. Discoveries of this pottery have been rare and suggest that production was short-lived and intended for a limited market, which was perhaps the Roman army. The possible relevance of this ware to the military occupation of the south-west is discussed, following an appraisal of the pottery and its ceramic context.