In this study, four patients with membranous tracheitis following endotracheal intubation are presented. Possible causes for the development of the condition were mostly related to subglottic epithelial trauma caused by the pressure of the cuff of the tube for a long time on the mucosa and the drying effect of atropine. The literature concerning the development of membranous tracheitis in previous studies is also presented.

A case report of craniometaphyseal dysplasia is presented with a classification of this disease, supported by a review of the literature. Certain unusual features are observed—mastoid surgery and later contralateral temporary facial paresis. The patient showed no further deterioration of symptoms when last reviewed.

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia is one of a number of craniotubular bony dysplasias. These dysplasias are characterized by (a) genetic transmission and (b) dysplastic or hyperostotic involvement of the cranial and tubular bones (Gorlin, et al., 1969). Craniometaphyseal dysplasia may be dominant or recessive in form, the latter being more severe in its clinical manifestations, viz. nasal obstruction and deformity and cranial nerve palsies, such as optic atrophy and loss of hearing. There may also be enlargement of the mandible and flaring of the metaphyses of long bones on X-ray examination.

A report on two patients with severe reflux oesophagitis caused by Emepromium Bromide (‘CETIRPIN’) prescribed for the treatment of urinary symptoms.

Emepronium Bromide is a quaternary ammonium anticholinergic drug, which blocks the peripheral cholinergic nerves and ganglionic transmission. In man it increase bladder capacity, delays the first desire to void and decreases voiding pressure.

In the last eighteen months two patients have been referred with severe pain on swallowing. The pain was localized behind the sternum and reached down to the epigastrium. On both occasions the symptoms came on rapidly a few days after the treatment was begun. Both patients were on a standard dose of 200 mgs. three times daily. The first patient had had some minor reflux with her last pregnancy thirteen years previously, but otherwise no symptoms suggestive of reflux. The second patient had never has any symptoms suggestive of oesophageal reflux. In both patients a major feature was the severity of their pain.