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The effect of diet, lifestyle and/or cognitive interventions in Mild Cognitive Impairment: a systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 September 2017

A.M McGrattan ,
C.T McEvoy ,
B. McGuinness ,
M.C. McKinley  and
J.V. Woodside
A.M McGrattan
Affiliation:
Centre for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, BT12 6BJ.
C.T McEvoy
Affiliation:
Centre for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, BT12 6BJ.
B. McGuinness
Affiliation:
Centre for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, BT12 6BJ.
M.C. McKinley
Affiliation:
Centre for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, BT12 6BJ.
J.V. Woodside
Affiliation:
Centre for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, BT12 6BJ.
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Abstract

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Abstract
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 76 , Issue OCE3: Irish Section Meeting, 21–23 June 2017, What governs what we eat? , 2017 , E114
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2017 

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is described as a transitional stage between the expected decline of normal ageing and that of dementia and is suggested to be the optimum stage for preventative intervention. The role of nutrition in the prevention of cognitive decline has been examined in terms of a range of nutrients/dietary patterns, investigating single nutrients, such as n-3 PUFA as well as whole diet interventions, such as the DASH diet, a ketogenic diet or the Mediterranean diet. A systematic review of Randomised Controlled Trials was conducted to examine the effect of diet, either alone or in combination with lifestyle and/or cognitive strategies, on cognitive health outcomes in patients with MCI. The search generated a total of 2130 articles and following the removal of duplicates and screening process, 12 studies remained and were included in the review.

* indicates statistically significant difference between intervention and control/placebo at study completion (p < 0·05)

Due to the heterogeneity across the studies, in terms of the dietary interventions and cognitive outcome measures used, results suggest that there is currently insufficient data to support the effect of diet on cognition in MCI patients. Therefore, there is a need for more robust RCTs to be conducted to explore the potential for dietary intervention to improve cognitive outcomes within this patient group.

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