The fossils described in the following pages were collected by Mr. James L. Begg, The Elms, Mount Vernon, Glasgow, fromthe Poolvash Limestone, Balladoole, Isle of Man. The fauna of these limestones, according to Dr. Wheelton Hind, indicates an upper Dibunophyllum age. The most recent and most complete list of Carboniferous Limestone fossils from the south of the I.O.M. is that published by Mr. John Smith, and compiled from the Survey list, from Dr. Hinde's list, and from Cuming's list, as well as from Mr. Smith's own collection.

The Lower Greensand forms a well-wooded range of hills in Kent and Surrey which is known in Kent as the Ragstone Range. Between Ashford and Leith Hill this range is broken by the consequent streams of the Stour, Medway, and Mole, and by the obsequent streams of the Shode, Oxted Brook, and that part of the Eden known as Gibb's Brook.

A valuable monograph on “The Glacial Geology of the North-West of Ireland” (Proc. R. Irish Acad., xxxvi, 1924, pp. 174–314, pls. 8 and 9) by Professor J. K. Charlesworth describes the complex glacial phenomena of Tyrone. He endorses the main conclusion of my paper on the Irish Bskers (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., 1920, vol. 210, pp. 115–51) that they are usually deposited along the margin of a glacier, and are not due to subglacial rivers. The two works further agree in their rejection of the long advocated theory that Irish glaciation was dominated by a huge dome of ice which accumulated as snow above the Central Plain and over-rode the surrounding mountains. That view, due to Hull (Physic. Geol. and Geogr. Ireland, 1878, p. 228), has in later years been advocated, amongst others, by Mr. T. Hallissy (Proc. R. Irish Acad., xxxi, part 7, 1914, p. 9), and also by him in association with the late Professor Cole (Handb. Reg. Geol, Ireland, 1924, p. 46; Cole, ibid., British Isles, 1916, p. 328). The lines of ice movement marked on my map (op. cit., 1920, p. 143) illustrating the distribution of the Irish eskers are fundamentally inconsistent with the traditional theory; I am therefore glad to find that theory emphatically rejected by Professor Charlesworth. He adduces convincing evidence that the ice was formed on the mountains and flowed from them on to the plains. In two minor questions Professor Charlesworth differs from the views of my paper. I remarked (op. cit., p. 133) that the eskers of Tyrone are “different in several respects” from those of the Central Plain. I did not state the differences as I mentioned the Tyrone eskers only in reference to the subglacial formation of eskers; and as they gave no support to that process, I briefly referred to them as having had the same marginal origin as the typical eskers of the Central Plain.

From the foregoing notes it is evident that there exists in this part of the Kukuruku District an igneous series showing the familiar veining, banding, and mingling of rocks of increasingly acid composition, and also a group of completely altered sediments.

In the course of a recent study of the microscopic characters of the pyroclastic rocks of Derbyshire, a colourless, isotropic mineral, with refractive index considerably lower than that of the balsam, was noted in a thin section of a tuff from Cressbrook Dale. The rock consists essentially of a mass of lapilli containing much yellowish basaltic glass, often partially devitrified, and many felspar laths, sometimes with straight extinction, in a cement partly of calcite, and partly of amorphous, opaque material, white or grey by reflected light, which is probably decomposed volcanic detritus, of the same nature as the “toadstone-clays” of Derbyshire. Vitro-clastic structure is abundant.

In the erection of a new home of rest—St. Monica's, in the grounds of what was formerly Cote House, near the top of Westbury Hill, an interesting section1 of the upper part of the Old Red Sandstone and of the lower Avonian rocks up to the top of Zx was exposed in digging the foundations. Although the section lies only a little over a mile north-east of the Avon section and the general succession of the two is very similar, the Westbury section is of considerable interest, particularly as certain levels were well seen which are not exposed in the Avon section. In all the following tables the strata are described from below upwards.