Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-5wvtr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-22T09:33:54.672Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on Soil Bacteria and other Microorganisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

L. G. Nickell
Affiliation:
Biochemical Research Laboratories, Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc., Brooklyn, New York
A. R. English
Affiliation:
Biochemical Research Laboratories, Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc., Brooklyn, New York
Get access

Extract

Within the past few years the use of chemicals as herbicides has increased so rapidly that today in the United States alone millions of acres are being treated in the fight to control weeds. In addition to determining the effect of these chemicals on the plants involved (both desirable ones as well as weeds), it is most important to find out how the compounds affect the soil microflora. This assemblage of microscopic organisms plays a most vital role in the balance of nature, and, if the herbicide to be employed has as great an effect on the soil population as it does on the higher plants, its use might be impractical due to the resultant imbalance.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1953 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Burkholder, P. R., and Nickell, L. G. Atypical growth of plants. I. Cultivation of virus tumors of Rumex on nutrient agar. Bot. Gaz. 110: 426437. 1949.Google Scholar
2. Carlyle, R. E., and Thorpe, J. D. Some effects of ammonium and sodium 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetates on legumes and the Rhizobium bacteria. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 39: 929936. 1947.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Crafts, A. S., Currier, H. B., and Day, B. E. Response of several crop plants and weeds to maleic hydrazide. Hilgardia 20: 5780. 1950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Currier, H. B., and Crafts, A. S. Maleic hydrazide, a selective herbicide. Science 111: 152153. 1950.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Daste, P. Action de l'hydrazide maleique sur le developpement de l'Azotobacter et du Cytophaga . Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 146: 849852. 1952.Google Scholar
6. English, A. R., Field, M. F., Szendy, S. R., Tagliani, N. J., and Fitts, R. A. Magnamycin. I. In vitro Studies. Antibiotics and Chemotherapy 2: 678688. 1952.Google Scholar
7. Erickson, L. C. and Price, C. Some effects of maleic hydrazide on sugar beet plants. Amer. Jour. Bot. 37: 657659. 1950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Greulach, V. A., and Atchison, E. Inhibition of growth and cell division in onion roots by maleic hydrazide. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 77: 262267. 1950.Google Scholar
9. Kratochvil, D. E. Determinations of the effect of several herbicides on soil microorganisms. Weeds 1: 2531. 1951.Google Scholar
10. Leopold, A. C., and Klein, W. H. Maleic hydrazide as an antiauxin in plants. Science 114: 910. 1951.Google Scholar
11. Leopold, A. C., and Klein, W. H. Maleic hydrazide as an ani-auxin. Physiol. Plantarum 5: 9199. 1952.Google Scholar
12. Levi, E., and Crafts, A. S. Toxicity of maleic hydrazide in California soils. Hilgardia 21: 431463. 1952.Google Scholar
13. Lewis, R. W., and Hammer, C. L. Effect of 2,4–D on some microorganisms. Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Quart. Bull. 29: 112114. 1946.Google Scholar
14. McIlrath, W. J. Response of cotton plant to maleic hydrazide. Amer. Jour. Bot. 37: 816819. 1950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Moore, R. H. Several effects of maleic hydrazide on plants. Science 112: 5253. 1950.Google Scholar
16. Naylor, A. W., and Davis, E. A. Maleic hydrazide as a plant growth inhibitor. Bot. Gaz. 112: 112126. 1950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Nickell, L. G. Effect of maleic hydrazide on normal and atypical growth of Rumex acetosa . Amer. Jour. Bot. 40: 13. 1953.Google Scholar
18. Nickell, L. G., and Burkholder, P. R. Inhibition of Azotobacter by soil actinomycetes. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 39: 771779. 1947.Google Scholar
19. Schoene, D. L., and Hoffman, O. L. Maleic hydrazide, a unique growth regulant. Science 109: 588590. 1949.Google Scholar
20. Struckmeyer, B. E. The effect of maleic hydrazide on the anatomical structure of Croft Easter lilies. Amer. Jour. Bot. 40: 2529. 1953.Google Scholar
21. Vindard, G., and Daste, P. Influence de l'acide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetique sure le developpement de l'Azotobacter dans le sol. Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 233: 13101312. 1951.Google Scholar
22. Wittwer, S. H., Sharma, R. C., Weller, L. E., and Sell, H. M. The effect of preharvest foliage sprays of certain growth regulators on sprout inhibition on storage quality of carrots and onions. Plant Physiol. 25: 539549. 1950.Google Scholar
23. Wróbel, T. (Influence of 2,4–D on Rhizobium .) Acta Microbiol. Polon. 1: 3941. 1952.Google Scholar
24. Zukel, J. W. Use of maleic hydrazide as a plant growth inhibitor. Agri. Chem. 5: 3537. 1950.Google Scholar
25. Zukel, J. W. Literature summary on maleic hydrazide. Maleic Hydrazide Information Sheet #6A. Naugatuck Chemical Div., U. S. Rubber Co. March 1, 1953.Google Scholar