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Wide Row Spacing and Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) Competition Can Decrease Barley Yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Blakely H. Paynter
Blakely H. Paynter*
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Centre for Cropping Systems, P.O. Box 483, Northam WA 6401
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: blakely.paynter@agric.wa.gov.au.
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Abstract

Field studies compared the grain yield of four two-row spring barley cultivars at four sites when sown at two-row spacing in competition with two densities of rigid ryegrass. The sites chosen had low background populations of rigid ryegrass. Although the four cultivars sown differed in their grain yield, row spacing did not influence cultivar performance. Doubling the row spacing decreased barley grain yield at three of the four sites. The impact of row spacing on grain yield was more noticeable when doubled to 48 or 50 cm compared with 36 cm. Rigid ryegrass competition reduced barley grain yield at two of the four sites. At both locations the influence of weed competition on barley grain yield was the same at both narrow and wide row spacing and at one location the impact of weed competition was modified by cultivar. Planting barley in wide rows was found to favor rigid ryegrass production through an increase in both rigid ryegrass biomass production and tiller number. The development of farming systems for barley on the basis of a row spacing greater than 25 cm is likely to be associated with an increase in weed productivity unless good integrated weed management principles are implemented. Modifications to the current system may allow an increase in row spacing without any yield loss or increased weed seed set.

Estudios de campo compararon el rendimiento del grano de cuatro cultivares de Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Baudin’ de doble hilera en cuatro sitios cuando se sembró a doble espacio en competencia con dos densidades de Lolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRI. Los sitios seleccionados tenían bajas poblaciones anteriores de Lolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRI. Mientras que cuatro cultivares sembrados difirieron en el rendimiento del grano, el espacio entre hileras no tuvo influencia en el comportamiento del cultivar. El doblar el espacio entre hileras disminuyó el rendimiento de Hordeum vulgare L. en tres de los cuatro sitios. El impacto del espacio entre hileras sobre el rendimiento del grano fue más notorio cuando se duplicó a 48 o 50 cm. comparado con 36 cm. de espaciamiento. La competencia de Lolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRI redujo el rendimiento del grano en dos de los 4 sitios. En ambas locaciones la influencia de la competencia de la maleza en el rendimiento del cultivo fue la misma tanto en espacios entre hileras angostas como en las anchas y en una locación, el impacto de la competencia de la maleza fue modificado por el cultivar. Se determinó que sembrar Hordeum vulgare L en hileras anchas favorece la producción de Lolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRI a través de un incremento en la producción de la biomasa y el número de instrumentos de labranza. El desarrollo de sistemas de cultivo para la Hordeum vulgare L basados en un espacio entre hileras arriba de 25 cm. probablemente estarán asociados con un incremento en la productividad de las malezas, a menos que se implementen principios de manejo de malezas bien integrados. Las modificaciones al sistema actual quizás permitan un incremento en el espacio entre hileras sin ninguna pérdida de rendimiento ni de incremento en el conjunto de semillas de maleza.

Keywords

Rigid ryegrassLolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRI ‘Safeguard’barleyHordeum vulgare L. ‘Baudin’‘Dash’‘Gairdner’‘Vlamingh’Cultivar competitivenessweed competitionbarley yield componentsrigid ryegrass dry matterrigid ryegrass tiller number
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 310 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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