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Weed Management in Glyphosate- and Glufosinate-Resistant Sugar Beet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Nathan J. Kemp ,
Erin C. Taylor  and
Karen A. Renner
Nathan J. Kemp
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Erin C. Taylor
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Karen A. Renner*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: renner@msu.edu.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to determine the critical period of weed interference in glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant sugar beet, and to determine if PRE herbicides increased weed control or sugar beet root yield when glufosinate, glyphosate, or conventional POST herbicides were applied. Glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant sugar beet root yields were reduced by up to 66 and 67%, respectively, when weeds remained all season in the weedy control treatment compared with yields when weed removal occurred as soon as the weeds were 2.5 cm tall, approximately 2 to 3 wk after planting (WAP). A critical period of weed interference did not occur in this research. The critical time of weed removal was approximately 8 WAP in 1998 and beyond 11 WAP in 1999. Weeds averaged 20 cm in height at 8 WAP and weed densities were greater in 1998 compared with 1999. The critical weed-free period for glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant sugar beet was 4.5 to 5 WAP in 1998. In 1999, the critical weed-free period at the Michigan Sugar location was 1.5 WAP in glyphosate-resistant sugar beet, and 6.5 WAP in glufosinate-resistant sugar beet for the Michigan Sugar site. Glyphosate or glufosinate POST provided better weed control and resulted in greater sugar beet root yield compared with conventional POST herbicides when data were combined over PRE herbicide treatments. PRE herbicides improved the control of common lambsquarters and Amaranthus species in some of the site-years when data were combined over POST treatments, but sugar beet yield did not increase. Our research suggests that PRE herbicides will not be necessary in glyphosate- or glufosinate-resistant sugar beet. To avoid sugar beet yield loss, multiple POST applications of glyphosate or glufosinate will be needed until 6 to 9 WAP to prohibit yield loss from weeds emerging after the last POST application.

Keywords

Glufosinateglyphosatecommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L.pigweed, Amaranthus spp.sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L. ‘HM RH3RR’, ‘Beta 891LL’Critical period of weed controlcycloateethofumesatepyrazontime of weed removalweed competitionweed thresholds
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 416 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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