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Weed Control and Crop Response to Glufosinate Applied to ‘PHY 485 WRF’ Cotton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

A. Stanley Culpepper ,
Alan C. York ,
Phillip Roberts  and
Jared R. Whitaker
A. Stanley Culpepper*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31794
Alan C. York
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
Phillip Roberts
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31794
Jared R. Whitaker
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, P.O. Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: stanley@uga.edu.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in Georgia to evaluate weed control and crop tolerance with glufosinate applied to ‘PHY 485 WRF®’ cotton. This glyphosate-resistant cotton also contains a gene, used as a selectable marker, for glufosinate resistance. Three experiments were maintained weed-free and focused on crop tolerance; a fourth experiment focused on control of pitted morningglory and glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. In two experiments, PHY 485 WRF cotton was visibly injured 15 and 20% or less by glufosinate ammonium salt at 430 and 860 g ae/ha, respectively, applied POST two or three times. In a third experiment, glufosinate at 550 g/ha injured cotton up to 36%. Pyrithiobac or glyphosate mixed with glufosinate did not increase injury compared to glufosinate applied alone; S-metolachlor mixed with glufosinate increased injury by six to seven percentage points. Cotton injury was not detectable 14 to 21 d after glufosinate application, and cotton yields were not reduced by glufosinate or glufosinate mixtures. A program of pendimethalin PRE, glyphosate applied POST twice, and diuron plus MSMA POST-directed controlled glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth only 17% late in the season. S-metolachlor included with the initial glyphosate application did not increase control, and pyrithiobac increased late-season control by only 13 percentage points. Palmer amaranth was controlled 90% or more when glufosinate replaced glyphosate in the aforementioned system. Pitted morningglory was controlled 99% by all glufosinate programs and mixtures of glyphosate plus pyrithiobac. Seed cotton yields with glufosinate-based systems were at least 3.3 times greater than yields with glyphosate-based systems because of differences in control of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth.

Keywords

DiuronglufosinateglyphosateMSMApendimethalinpyrithiobac sodiumS-metolachlorPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats AMAPApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. IPOLAcotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.Crop injurycrop toleranceglyphosate-resistant weedsherbicide-resistant cotton
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 356 - 362
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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