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Weed Biomass Production Response to Plant Spacing and Corn (Zea mays) Hybrids Differing in Canopy Architecture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sultan H. Begna ,
Robert I. Hamilton ,
Lianne M. Dwyer ,
Doug W. Stewart ,
Daniel Cloutier ,
Louis Assemat ,
Kayhan Foroutan-Pour  and
Donald L. Smith
Sultan H. Begna
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
Robert I. Hamilton
Affiliation:
Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Lianne M. Dwyer
Affiliation:
Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Doug W. Stewart
Affiliation:
Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
Daniel Cloutier
Affiliation:
C.P. 222, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3R9
Louis Assemat
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Malherbologie, BV 1540-21034, Dijon, Cedex, France
Kayhan Foroutan-Pour
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
Donald L. Smith*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dsmith@macdonald.mcgill.ca.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in 1996, 1997, and 1998 at Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, and in 1996 at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, to quantify the impact of corn hybrids, differing in canopy architecture and plant spacing (plant population density and row spacing), on biomass production by transplanted and naturally occurring weeds. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of corn type (leafy reduced stature [LRS], late-maturing big leaf [LMBL], a conventional Pioneer 3979 [P3979], and, as a control, a corn-free condition [weed monoculture]), two weed levels (low density [transplanted weeds: common lambsquarters and redroot pigweed] and high density [weedy: plots with naturally occurring weeds]), two corn population densities (normal and high), and row spacings (38 and 76 cm). At all site-years under both weed levels, the decrease in biomass production by both transplanted and naturally occurring weeds was greater due to the narrow row spacing than due to the high plant population density. The combination of narrower rows and higher population densities increased corn canopy light interception by 3 to 5%. Biomass produced by both transplanted and naturally occurring weeds was five to eight times less under the corn canopy than in the weed monoculture treatment. Generally, weed biomass production was reduced more by early-maturing hybrids (LRS and P3979) than by LMBL. Thus, hybrid selection and plant spacing could be used as important components of integrated pest management (weed control) for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

Common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALcorn, Zea mays L.redroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. # AMARECompetitivness, early maturity, weed managementLAI, leaf area indexLfy, leafyLMBL, late-maturing big leafLRS, Leafy reduced statureP3979, Pioneer 3979rd1, reduced stature
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , December 2001 , pp. 647 - 653
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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