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Vegetable Soybean Tolerance to Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazamox, Linuron, and Sulfentrazone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Martin M. Williams II  and
Randall L. Nelson
Martin M. Williams II*
Affiliation:
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801
Randall L. Nelson
Affiliation:
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL 61801
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: mmwillms@illinois.edu.
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Abstract

Poor weed control, resulting from limited herbicide availability and undeveloped integrated weed management systems, is a major hurdle to production of vegetable soybean in the United States. Vegetable soybean, the same species as grain-type soybean, has few registered herbicides because of unknown crop tolerance. Tolerance of as many as 128 vegetable soybean entries to a 2X registered rate of bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone were quantified within 4 wk after treatment in field trials. Several grain-type soybean entries were included for comparison, including entries with known herbicide tolerance or sensitivity. Injury and seedling growth reduction to all vegetable entries was comparable to all grain-type entries for fomesafen, linuron, and sulfentrazone; and less than all grain-type entries for bentazon and imazamox. Responses of ten of the more widely used vegetable soybean entries were comparable to grain-type entries with known herbicide tolerance. Bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone pose no greater risk of adverse crop response to vegetable soybean germplasm than the grain-type soybean to which they have been applied for years. Since initiation of this research, fomesafen, imazamox, and linuron are now registered for use on the crop in the United States. Development of integrated weed management systems for vegetable soybean would benefit from additional herbicide registrations.

Control de malezas deficiente como resultado de una disponibilidad limitada de herbicidas y de sistemas de manejo integrado de malezas poco desarrollados, es un obstáculo importante a la producción de soya tipo-hortaliza en los Estados Unidos. La soya tipo-hortaliza, que es la misma especie que la soya tipo-grano, tiene pocos herbicidas registrados porque se desconoce su tolerancia. La tolerancia de 128 accesiones de soya tipo-hortaliza a 2X de la dosis de registro de bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, y sulfentrazone fue cuantificada a 4 semanas después del tratamiento en experimentos de campo. Varias accesiones de soya tipo-grano fueron incluidas para comparación, incluyendo accesiones con tolerancia o susceptibilidad a herbicidas conocidas. El daño y la reducción del crecimiento de plántulas de todas las accesiones tipo-hortaliza fueron comparables a todas las accesiones tipo-grano para fomesafen, linuron, y sulfentrazone, y fueron menores que para las accesiones tipo-grano para bentazon e imazamox. La respuesta de diez de las accesiones tipo-hortaliza más ampliamente usadas fueron comparables con las accesiones tipo-grano con tolerancia a herbicidas conocida. Bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, y sulfentrazone no representan un riesgo mayor de una respuesta adversa del cultivo de soya tipo-hortaliza que la soya tipo-grano, a la cual estos herbicidas han sido aplicados por años. Desde que se inició esta investigación, fomesafen, imazamox, y linuron fueron registrados para el uso en el cultivo en Estados Unidos. El desarrollo de sistemas de manejo integrado de malezas para soya tipo-hortaliza se beneficiaría de registros de herbicidas adicionales.

Keywords

Bentazonfomesafenimazamoxlinuronsulfentrazonevegetable soybean, [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]Crop injuryedamameherbicide toleranceminor crop
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 601 - 607
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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