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Testing Control Options for Western Salsify (Tragopogon dubius) on Conservation Reserve Program Lands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jane M. Mangold  and
Allison L. Lansverk
Jane M. Mangold*
Affiliation:
Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
Allison L. Lansverk
Affiliation:
Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jane.mangold@montana.edu
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Abstract

Western salsify has recently formed dense stands in Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) lands in north-central Montana. Our objective was to test the effects of various herbicide treatments and mowing on western salsify and associated vegetation in CRP lands. Six herbicide treatments and one mowing treatment were applied at three sites in 2010. Herbicide treatments included combinations of glyphosate, 2,4-D, dicamba, and/or metsulfuron-methyl applied when western salsify was either in the rosette or early flowering stage. Mowing was applied at the early flowering stage. Herbicide treatments reduced western salsify and increased perennial grass at one of the three sites, which was the site most dominated by western salsify. When dicamba (0.14 kg ae ha−1) plus 2,4-D (0.48 kg ae ha−1) was applied at the rosette stage, western salsify adult plant density and biomass were reduced to zero and perennial grass biomass increased by 108% in 2010. In 2011, western salsify adult plant density was lower across all herbicide treatments compared to the mowed and nontreated plots. Annual grass density increased by up to 400% when herbicide applications including metsulfuron-methyl were applied at the early flowering stage. Mowing did not control western salsify. Results suggest dicamba plus 2,4-D applied at the rosette stage can provide effective control of western salsify and increase perennial grasses without stimulating the emergence of annual grasses.

Recientemente, Tragopogon dubius ha formado poblaciones densas en tierras del Programa de Reservas para la Conservación (CRP) en el centro-norte de Montana. Nuestro objetivo fue el evaluar los efectos de varios tratamientos de herbicidas y chapia sobre T. dubius y vegetación asociada en tierras de CRP. Seis tratamientos de herbicidas y un tratamiento de chapia fueron aplicados en tres sitios en 2010. Los tratamientos de herbicidas incluyeron combinaciones de glyphosate, 2,4-D, dicamba, y/o metsulfuron-methyl aplicadas cuando T. dubius estuvo en el estado de roseta o de floración temprana. La chapia fue aplicada en el estado de floración temprana. Los tratamientos de herbicidas redujeron T. dubius e incrementaron las gramíneas perennes en uno de los tres sitios, el cual fue el sitio dominado por T. dubius. Cuando se aplicó dicamba (0.14 kg ae ha−1) más 2,4-D (0.48 kg ae ha−1) en el estado de roseta, la densidad y biomasa de plantas adultas de T. dubius se redujeron a cero, y la biomasa de gramíneas perennes incrementó 108% en 2010. En 2011, la densidad de plantas adultas de T. dubius fue menor en todos los tratamientos de herbicidas en comparación con las parcelas con chapia o sin tratamiento. La densidad de gramíneas anuales incrementó en 400% cuando las aplicaciones de herbicidas incluyeron metsulfuron-methyl y fueron realizadas en el estado de floración temprana. La chapia no controló T. dubius. Los resultados sugieren que dicamba más 2,4-D aplicados en el estado de roseta pueden brindar un control efectivo de T. dubius e incrementar las poblaciones de gramíneas perennes sin estimular la emergencia de gramíneas anuales.

Keywords

Dicambaglyphosatemetsulfuron-methyl2,4-Dwestern salsify, Tragopogon dubius ScopAnnual grassperennial grassweed control
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 509 - 514
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: P.O. Box 173120, Bozeman, MT 59717.

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