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Suppression of Annual Ryegrass in Corn with Nicosulfuron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2019

Taïga B. Cholette ,
Nader Soltani Open the ORCID record for Nader Soltani [Opens in a new window] ,
David C. Hooker ,
Darren E. Robinson  and
Peter H. Sikkema
Taïga B. Cholette
Affiliation:
Former Graduate Student, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown, Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
Nader Soltani*
Affiliation:
Adjunct Professor, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown, Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
David C. Hooker
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown, Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
Darren E. Robinson
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown, Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
Peter H. Sikkema
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown, Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Nader Soltani, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0. (Email: soltanin@uoguelph.ca)
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017. Nicosulfuron was applied at rates from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha–1 when the ARG was at the two- to three- or four- to five-leaf stages, or approximately 3 or 4 wk after emergence of both corn and ARG. There were no differences between the two application timings in grain yield responses or ARG suppression. As the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha–1, ARG was suppressed 6% to 76% and 5% to 96%, at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectively. At 4 WAA, ARG biomass decreased from 29 to 1 g m–2 as the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha–1, compared to 36 g m–2 in the untreated control. Where nicosulfuron was not applied to ARG, grain corn yield was reduced by 6% compared to the ARG-free control; similar effects on corn yield were observed with nicosulfuron at the lowest rate applied at 0.8 g ai ha–1. Grain corn yield was reduced by 2.5% with the application of nicosulfuron at 25 g ai ha–1 (label rate for corn) compared to no ARG control, but this was not statistically significant. This study identified rates of nicosulfuron that suppressed ARG when emerged approximately the same day as corn, but there was evidence that grain corn yields were lowered because of interference, possibly during the critical weed control period. Based on this study, an ARG cover crop should not be seeded at the same time as corn unless one is willing to accept a risk for corn grain yield losses for the sake of the cover crop.

Keywords

Amit Jhala, University of Nebraska, LincolnNicosulfuronannual ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam.corn, Zea mays L.Biomassred cloversuppressioninterseeding
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 173 - 177
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019. 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Cholette TB, Soltani N, Hooker DC, Robinson DE, Sikkema PH (2019) Suppression of annual ryegrass in corn with nicosulfuron. Weed Technol 33:173–177. doi: 10.1017/wet.2018.106

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