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Review of Glyphosate and ALS-Inhibiting Herbicide Crop Resistance and Resistant Weed Management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jerry M. Green
Jerry M. Green*
Affiliation:
DuPont Crop Protection, Stine-Haskell Research Center, Building 210, Newark, DE 19714
*
E-mail: jerry.m.green@usa.dupont.com
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Abstract

Weed management is a perennial challenge for growers, and continual innovation is essential to maintain the effectiveness of management technologies. The first generation of herbicide-resistant crops revolutionized weed control. However, weeds are adapting to crop systems that rely on a single mode of herbicide action. Crops with resistance to multiple modes of herbicide action could help maintain weed management. GAT/HRA is a new multiple herbicide–resistance technology for corn, soybean, and other crops. GAT/HRA combines metabolic glyphosate inactivation with an acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme that is insensitive to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The mechanism to inactivate glyphosate is the glyphosate N-acetyltransferase enzyme, which transforms glyphosate into a nonphytotoxic metabolite. The gat gene is derived from a naturally occurring soil bacterium and optimized by repetitive gene shuffling and screening. The resistance mechanism to ALS-inhibiting herbicides is a double-mutant, highly resistant ALS (HRA) that is insensitive to all five classes of ALS herbicides. GAT/HRA crops will maintain natural tolerance to selective herbicides and thus provide more weed management options for growers to help deter weed spectrum shifts and delay the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds.

Keywords

Glyphosatecorn, Zea mays L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrALSEPSPSGATGAT/HRAHRAcornsoybeancottonglyphosateimidazolinonepyrimidinylthiobenzoatetriazolopyrimidinesulfonylureatolerance
Type
Extension/Outreach
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2007 , pp. 547 - 558
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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