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Response of Selected Grass and Broadleaf Species to Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Residues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Clifford H. Koger ,
Charles T. Bryson  and
John D. Byrd Jr.
Clifford H. Koger*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776
Charles T. Bryson
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776
John D. Byrd Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ckoger@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Effects of cogongrass foliage and rhizome plus root residues on germination and shoot and root growth of barnyardgrass, bermudagrass, browntop millet, hemp sesbania, Italian ryegrass, and prickly sida were investigated in greenhouse experiments. Ground residues of dried cogongrass foliage and rhizomes plus roots were mixed separately with sterilized sand to obtain residue concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8%. These residue concentrations were investigated on bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass, and the 8% residue concentrations were also evaluated on hemp sesbania, prickly sida, barnyardgrass, and browntop millet. Foliage and rhizome plus root residues at concentrations as low as 0.25% inhibited seed germination and shoot and root growth of all species except hemp sesbania. Germination of bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass was reduced by as much as 97% and shoot and root growth by as much as 94% at the highest residue concentrations. Rhizome plus root residues reduced germination and shoot and root growth of bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass more than foliage residues. Foliage and rhizome plus root residues reduced germination and shoot and root biomass of prickly sida, barnyardgrass, and browntop millet at similar levels. Results indicate that cogongrass tissue may contain allelochemicals that contribute to its invasiveness and extreme competitiveness.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAbrowntop millet, Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf. # PANRAcogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. # IMPCYhemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex A. W. Hill # SEBEXItalian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. # LOLMUprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPAllelochemicalallelopathygerminationgrowth inhibitionplant residuesroot growthseedlingshoot growthDAP, days after plantingDDW, double-distilled water
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , June 2004 , pp. 353 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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