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Response of Processing Tomato to Simulated Bromoxynil Drift Followed by In-Crop Metribuzin Application

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kristen E. McNaughton ,
Peter H. Sikkema  and
Darren E. Robinson
Kristen E. McNaughton
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
Peter H. Sikkema
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
Darren E. Robinson*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: darrenr@uoguelph.ca
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Abstract

Simulated drift rates of bromoxynil followed by an in-crop application of metribuzin were applied to processing tomato in eight field studies conducted from 2008 to 2010 in Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada, to determine if a synergistic interaction occurred due to the cumulative herbicide application. A transient synergistic response was observed 7 d after treatment (DAT) when bromoxynil drift rates of 8.5, 17, and 34 g ai ha−1 were followed 3 to 5 d later by metribuzin at 250 g ai ha−1. By 28 DAT, visible injury ratings were additive for 8.5, 17, and 34 g ha−1 bromoxynil followed by metribuzin treatments. However, when bromoxynil at 68 g ha−1 (20% of field rate) was followed by metribuzin, a synergistic interaction was evident and remained through harvest. Based on Colby's equation there was greater visible injury than expected at 7, 14, and 28 DAT when bromoxynil at 68 g ha−1 was followed by metribuzin. A corresponding synergistic reduction of plant dry weight and marketable tomato yield, compared with the nontreated control, was identified. Marketable yields were expected to be 65% of the control according to Colby's equation, but observed yield reductions were 49% when bromoxynil at 68 g ha−1 was followed by metribuzin. In general, tomato plants sprayed with metribuzin after bromoxynil drift had greater injury than treatments sprayed with bromoxynil alone.

Se aplicaron dosis de deriva simulada de bromoxynil seguidas de una aplicación de metribuzin dentro del cultivo de tomate para procesamiento en ocho estudios de campo realizados desde 2008 a 2010 en Ridgetown, Ontario, Canadá, para determinar si ocurrió una interacción sinérgica como consecuencia de la aplicación acumulada de herbicidas. A 7 d después del tratamiento (DAT) se observó una respuesta sinérgica transitoria cuando las dosis de bromoxynil 8.5, 17, y 34 g ai ha−1 fueron seguidas 3 a 5 d después por metribuzin a 250 g ai ha−1. A 28 DAT, las evaluaciones de daño visual fueron aditivas para 8.5, 17, y 34 g ha−1 de bromoxynil seguidas de tratamientos de metribuzin. Sin embargo, cuando bromoxynil a 68 g ha−1 (20% de la dosis de campo) fue seguido de metribuzin, la interacción sinérgica fue evidente y esta se mantuvo hasta la cosecha. Con base en la ecuación Colby, hubo un daño visible mayor que el esperado a 7, 14, y 28 DAT cuando bromoxynil a 68 g ha−1 fue seguido de metribuzin. Se identificó una reducción sinérgica correspondiente de peso seco de planta y de rendimiento de tomate comercializable, al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento. Según la ecuación Colby se esperaba que los rendimientos comercializables fueran 65% en comparación con el testigo, pero las reducciones de rendimiento observadas fueron 49% cuando bromoxynil a 68 g ha−1 fue seguido de metribuzin. En general, las plantas de tomate tratadas con metribuzin después de la deriva de bromoxynil tuvieron un daño mayor que los tratamientos aplicados con solamente bromoxynil.

Keywords

BromoxynilmetribuzintomatoSolanum lycopersicon L.Additivesynergisticcumulative stressherbicide driftherbicide interaction
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 762 - 767
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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