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Residual Effect of Herbicides Used in Pastures on Clover Establishment and Productivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2017

Angela S. Laird
Affiliation:
Macon Ridge Research Station, LSU AgCenter, 212A Macon Ridge Road, Winnsboro, LA 71295
Donnie K. Miller*
Affiliation:
Macon Ridge Research Station, LSU AgCenter, 212A Macon Ridge Road, Winnsboro, LA 71295
James L. Griffin
Affiliation:
School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, LSU AgCenter, 104 M. B. Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
Edward K. Twidwell
Affiliation:
School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, LSU AgCenter, 104 M. B. Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
Montgomery W. Alison
Affiliation:
Macon Ridge Research Station, LSU AgCenter, 212A Macon Ridge Road, Winnsboro, LA 71295
David C. Blouin
Affiliation:
Department of Experimental Statistics, LSU AgCenter, 161 Martin D. Woodin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dmiller@agcenter.lsu.edu.

Abstract

A major hindrance to establishment of successful complementary forage systems that include warm-season perennial grasses and clovers is tolerance of the latter to herbicides available for weed control. Field experiments were conducted in 2013 at two locations in northeast Louisiana to evaluate simulated residual rate effects of fluroxypyr plus triclopyr and 2,4-D plus picloram applied at 0, 0.25, 0.38, and 0.5× use rates immediately after fall planting of ball, white, crimson, and red clover. For all clovers, when averaged across herbicide rates, plant population 161/171 d after planting (DAP), ground cover, and height 184/196 DAP were equivalent for fluroxypyr plus triclopyr and the nontreated control and greater than 2,4-D plus picloram. Averaged across clovers, plant height after all rates of fluroxypyr plus triclopyr was equivalent to the nontreated control (14.2 to 14.3 vs. 15.3 cm) and greater than 2,4-D plus picloram. Compared with the nontreated control, 2,4-D plus picloram at 25, 38, and 50% of the normal use rates reduced height 58, 76, and 85%, respectively. When averaged across clover species, yield for fluroxypyr plus triclopyr at all rates was equivalent to the nontreated control (2,624 to 2,840 vs. 2,812 kg ha−1). Compared with the nontreated control, 2,4-D plus picloram at the 0.25, 0.38, and 0.50× use rates reduced yield 65, 89, and 99%, respectively.

Uno de los mayores impedimentos para el establecimiento de sistemas exitosos de forrajes complementarios que incluyan pastos perennes de clima cálido y leguminosas del género Trifolium es la tolerancia de estas leguminosas a los herbicidas disponibles para el control de malezas. En 2013, se realizaron experimentos de campo en dos localidades en el noreste de Louisiana para evaluar los efectos de dosis residuales simuladas de fluroxypyr mas triclopyr y 2,4-D más picloram aplicados a dosis de 0, 0.25, 0.38, y 0.5× inmediatamente después de la siembra en el otoño de Trifolium nigrescens, Trifolium repens, Trifolium incarnatum, y Trifolium pratense. Para todos las especies de Trifolium, cuando se promediaron las dosis de herbicida, la población de plantas 161/171 d después de la siembra (DAP), la cobertura del suelo, y la altura 184/196 DAP fueron equivalentes para fluroxypyr más triclopyr y el testigo sin tratamiento y fueron mayores que para 2,4-D más picloram. Al promediar las especies de Trifolium, la altura de planta después del tratamiento con todas las dosis de fluroxypyr más triclopyr fue equivalente al testigo sin tratamiento (14.2 a 14.3 vs. 15.3 m) y mayor que 2,4-D más picloram. Al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento, 2,4-D más picloram a 25, 38, y 50% de las dosis normales de uso redujeron la altura 58, 76, y 85%, respectivamente. Cuando se promediaron las especies de Trifolium, el rendimiento con fluroxypyr más triclopyr con todas las dosis fue equivalente al testigo sin tratamiento (2,624 a 2,849 vs. 2,812 kg ha−1). Al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento, 2,4-D más picloram a dosis de 0.25, 0.38, y 0.50× redujeron el rendimiento 65, 89, y 99%, respectivamente.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri.

References

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