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Fineleaf Fescue Species and Variety Tolerance to Glyphosate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2018

Shawn D. Askew ,
Whitnee B. Askew  and
J. Michael Goatley Jr
Shawn D. Askew*
Affiliation:
1Associate Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Whitnee B. Askew
Affiliation:
Turf Program Manager, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
J. Michael Goatley Jr
Affiliation:
Professor, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Shawn Askew, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, 675 Old Glade Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061. (Email: saskew@vt.edu)
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Abstract

Some fineleaf fescues have demonstrated tolerance to glyphosate, and this broad-spectrum, nonselective herbicide would be a valuable tool for controlling various weeds in low-input turf areas. A study was conducted to evaluate tolerance of 56 fineleaf fescue varieties to glyphosate applied at 0.0, 0.4, 0.6, and 1.0 kg ae ha−1. The defunct 2003 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program fineleaf fescue variety trial at the Turfgrass Research Center in Blacksburg, VA, provided main plots on which glyphosate treatments were randomized independently on May 16, 2011, and June 26, 2013. Hard (HF) and sheep fescues (SF) were the most tolerant to glyphosate, followed by strong creeping red fescues (STC) and slender creeping red fescues (SLC). The most sensitive species was Chewings fescue (CH), most varieties of which were injured 50% to 65% per kilogram of glyphosate at 2 wk after treatment (WAT). At 8 WAT, 12 of 14 CH varieties were injured over 30% per kilogram of glyphosate, but predicted injury and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of all varieties were acceptable at a more typical 0.5 to 0.7 kg ha−1 glyphosate rate. Nontreated seed head density of CH varieties ranged from 87 and 126 seed heads m−2 at 8 WAT compared with 2.8 to 42 seed heads m−2 from HF varieties. Glyphosate at 0.15 to 0.5 kg ha−1 eliminated 90% of seed heads regardless of fineleaf fescue variety. These data suggest that all fineleaf fescue varieties are inherently tolerant of glyphosate at rates at or below approximately 0.7 kg ha−1, but can be generally separated from most to least tolerant in the following order: HF, SF, STC, SLC, and CH.

Keywords

Scott McElroy, Auburn UniversityGlyphosateChewings fescue, Festuca rubra L. commutata (Thuill.) Nymanslender creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra L. ssp. litoralis (G.F.W. Meyer) Auquierstrong creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra L. rubrafineleaf fescues, Festuca spp.hard fescue, Festuca longifolia Thuill.sheep fescue, Festuca ovina L.Low-input turfgrassseed head densityturfgrass injury
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 185 - 191
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018. 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Askew SD, Askew WB, Goatley JM (2018) Fineleaf fescue species and variety tolerance to glyphosate. Weed Technol 33:185–191. doi: 10.1017/wet.2018.65

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