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Enhancing the Biological Activity of Nicosulfuron with pH Adjusters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jerry M. Green  and
William R. Cahill
Jerry M. Green*
Affiliation:
DuPont Crop Protection, Stine–Haskell Research Center, P.O. Box 30, Newark, DE 19714-0030
William R. Cahill
Affiliation:
DuPont Crop Protection, Stine–Haskell Research Center, P.O. Box 30, Newark, DE 19714-0030
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jerry.m.green@usa.dupont.com
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Abstract

Adjuvants that increase the pH of the spray mixture and solubilize nicosulfuron can enhance biological activity under specific conditions. These conditions include high nicosulfuron rates, difficult-to-control weeds, low spray volumes, and initially acidic spray conditions. The most effective pH adjusters are tribasic potassium phosphate, sodium carbonate, and triethanolamine. In low spray volumes, these adjusters make the spray mixture alkaline and often enhance the activity of nicosulfuron on common cocklebur and large crabgrass. Alkaline conditions rapidly dissolve the sulfonylurea particles and enhance activity with crop oil concentrate, modified seed oil, and hydrophilic nonionic surfactants. pH adjusters did not enhance activity with lipophilic surfactants. Ammonium sulfate slightly increases the pH of spray mixtures and increases nicosulfuron activity depending on species, adjuvant type, and pH adjuster. These results generally support the concept that herbicide solubilization is necessary to maximize the foliar activity.

Keywords

Nicosulfuroncommon cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. #3 XANSTlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAAdjuvantbasic blendbuffercrop oil concentratefertilizerformulationhydrophilic–lipophilic balancemethylated seed oilmodified seed oilnonionic surfactantpotassium phosphatesoda ashsulfonylureatriethanolaminewater-dispersible granuleAMS, ammonium sulfateCOC, crop oil concentrateHLB, hydrophilic–lipophilic balanceMSO, modified seed oilNIS, nonionic surfactantNPE, nonylphenol ethoxylateTEA, triethanolamineWDG, water-dispersible granule
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 338 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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