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Determination of weed hosts of soybean cyst nematode in South Dakota

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2019

Pawan Basnet ,
Sharon A. Clay  and
Emmanuel Byamukama Open the ORCID record for Emmanuel Byamukama [Opens in a new window]
Pawan Basnet
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA; current: 315 Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Sharon A. Clay
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
Emmanuel Byamukama*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Emmanuel Byamukama, Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Sciences, South Dakota State University, SPSB 107, Box 2108, BrookingsSD57005. Email: emmanuel.byamukama@sdstate.edu
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Abstract

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) causes over $1.2 billion in revenue loss annually in the United States and consistently ranks as the most threatening pathogen for soybean. SCN weed hosts have been documented in other states in the eastern Corn Belt, but very little work has been done in the midwestern Corn Belt. To determine alternative SCN weed hosts in South Dakota, 670 whole weed root samples comprising 63 weed species were collected from 48 SCN-positive fields in 13 counties during fall 2016 and spring 2017. Among the 63 weed species, 12 contained SCN juveniles and 7 were confirmed hosts of SCN based on the completion of the SCN life cycle in greenhouse studies. Ranking of female index (FI) for the weed hosts were purple deadnettle (FI = 34.6) > field pennycress (FI = 26.9) > common mallow (FI = 2.04) > shepherd’s purse (FI = 1.89) > white clover (FI = 1.86) > Canada thistle (FI = 1.24) > common cocklebur (FI = 1.10). These results indicate that some weeds can support SCN, and therefore a proactive weed management approach should be employed for fields infested with SCN.

Keywords

Female indexjuvenileslife cyclealternative hostmanagementCanada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.common cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L.common mallow, Malva neglecta Mallr.field pennycress, Thlaspi arvense L.purple deadnettle, Lamium purpureum L.shepherd’s purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.white clover, Trifolium repens L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 377 - 382
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Johnson, Purdue University

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