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Assessment of crop and weed management strategies prior to introduction of auxin-resistant crops in Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2020

Maxwel C. Oliveira Open the ORCID record for Maxwel C. Oliveira [Opens in a new window] ,
Anelise Lencina ,
André R. Ulguim  and
Rodrigo Werle
Maxwel C. Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Research Associate, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agronomy, Madison, WI, USA Assistant Professor, Western Sao Paulo University, Department of Agronomy, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
Anelise Lencina
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
André R. Ulguim
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
Rodrigo Werle
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Maxwel C Oliveira, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Agronomy, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI53706. Email: max.oliveira@wisc.edu
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Abstract

A stakeholder survey was conducted from April through June of 2018 to understand stakeholders’ perceptions and challenges about cropping systems and weed management in Brazil. The dominant crops managed by survey respondents were soybean (73%) and corn (66%). Approximately 75% of survey respondents have grown or managed annual cropping systems with two to three crops per year cultivated in succession. Eighteen percent of respondents manage only irrigated cropping systems, and over 60% of respondents adopt no-till as a standard practice. According to respondents, the top five troublesome weed species in Brazilian cropping systems are horseweed (asthmaweed, Canadian horseweed, and tall fleabane), sourgrass, morningglory, goosegrass, and dayflower (Asiatic dayflower and Benghal dayflower). Among the nine species documented to have evolved resistance to glyphosate in Brazil, horseweed and sourgrass were reported as the most concerning weeds. Other than glyphosate, 31% and 78% of respondents, respectively, manage weeds resistant to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors and/or acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Besides herbicides, 45% of respondents use mechanical, and 75% use cultural (e.g., no-till, crop rotation/succession) weed control strategies. Sixty-one percent of survey respondents adopt cover crops to some extent to suppress weeds and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Nearly 60% of survey respondents intend to adopt the crops that are resistant to dicamba or 2,4-D when available. Results may help practitioners, academics, industry, and policy makers to better understand the bad and the good of current cropping systems and weed management practices adopted in Brazil, and to adjust research, education, technologies priorities, and needs moving forward.

Keywords

2, 4-DdicambaglyphosateAsiatic dayflower, Commelina communis L.asthmaweed, Conyza bonariensis (L.) CronquistBenghal dayflower, Commelina benghalensis L.Canadian horseweed, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquistdayflower, Commelina spp.goosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.horseweed, Conyza spp.morningglory, Ipomoea spp.sourgrassDigitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekmantall fleabane, Conyza sumatrensis Retz. E. Walkercorn, Zea mays L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrilCover cropsherbicide weed resistanceno-tillsurveyweed control
Type
Education/Extension
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 155 - 165
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Aaron Hager, University of Illinois

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