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Potential basis of glyphosate resistance in California rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Marulak Simarmata ,
John E. Kaufmann  and
Donald Penner
Marulak Simarmata
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
John E. Kaufmann
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant rigid ryegrass has been identified in California, but research has yet to elucidate the resistance mechanism. The objectives of this study were to examine the differences between sensitive and resistant rigid ryegrass in absorption and distribution of glyphosate, in vivo and in vitro absorption by chloroplasts, and shikimic acid accumulation after glyphosate treatment. Foliar absorption and distribution of 14C-glyphosate did not differ 1 to 3 d after treatment (DAT) between the susceptible (S) and resistant (R) biotypes. Absorption of 14C-glyphosate by isolated chloroplasts also did not differ between the S and R biotypes. After foliar application of 14C-glyphosate, chloroplasts were isolated from treated leaves from both biotypes. Accumulation of 14C-glyphosate in the chloroplasts did not differ between the two biotypes. Shikimic acid level increased significantly in the S biotype after treatment with glyphosate at 2.24 kg ai ha−1 to levels 10-fold greater than in the R biotype 11 DAT. Shikimic acid in the germination media at 2 to 5 mM did not affect seed germination of S and R biotypes but drastically decreased the length of coleoptiles of both at 5 DAT. Thus, biotype differences in sensitivity or metabolism of shikimic acid do not explain differences in sensitivity to glyphosate.

Keywords

Glyphosaterigid ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaud. LOLRIGlyphosate resistanceshikimic acidchloroplastabsorptiontranslocation
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 51 , Issue 5 , October 2003 , pp. 678 - 682
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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