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Differential Inhibition of Seed Germination by Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) Root Periderm Extracts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Joseph K. Peterson  and
Howard F. Harrison Jr.
Joseph K. Peterson
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Lab., 2875 Savannah Hwy., Charleston, SC 29414
Howard F. Harrison Jr.
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, U.S. Vegetable Lab., 2875 Savannah Hwy., Charleston, SC 29414
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Abstract

The effect of sequential hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous methanol extracts of ‘Regal’ sweetpotato periderm on seed germination of sweetpotato, proso millet, and seven weed species was studied. The hexane extract, which contained the nonpolar components of the periderm tissue, was least inhibitory. It inhibited velvetleaf, proso millet, black nightshade, and redroot pigweed germination, and maximum inhibition was 56% for black nightshade at 200 mg of periderm extracted ml–1. The ethyl acetate fraction was inhibitory to proso millet, velvetleaf, black nightshade, goosegrass, tall morningglory, coffee senna, and redroot pigweed. The estimated I50 for ethyl acetate ranged from 17 mg periderm extracted ml–1 for black nightshade to 201 mg ml–1 for coffee senna. Sweetpotato, tall morningglory, and eclipta germination was not inhibited by this extract at the concentrations tested. The aqueous methanol extract was much more inhibitory than the hexane or ethyl acetate extracts, and there was considerable variation between species in response to this extract The I50 estimates for the aqueous methanol extract were 0.5, 0.6, 2.8, 4.4, 5.1, 9.6, 15.7, 21.0, and 25.8 mg ml–1 for velvetleaf, proso millet, black nightshade, goosegrass, sweetpotato, tall morningglory, eclipta, coffee senna, and pigweed, respectively.

Keywords

Black nightshade, Solanum nigrum L. # SOLNIcoffee senna, Cassia occidentals (L.) # CASOCeclipta, Eclipta alba (L.) Hask. # ECLALgoosegrass, Eleusine indica L. Gaertn., # ELEINproso millet, Panicum milliaceum L. # PANMIredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. # AMAREtall morningglory, Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. #PHBPUvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik., # ABUTHsweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas L.AllelopathybioassayAbutilon theophrastiAmaranthus retroflexusCassia occidentalisEclipta albaEleusine indicaIpomoea purpureaPanicum milliaceumSolanum nigrumSOLNICASOCECLALELEINPANMIAMAREPHBPUABUTH
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 39 , Issue 1 , March 1991 , pp. 119 - 123
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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