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Effects of calcium ions on L-type horizontal cells in the isolated turtle retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Ido Perlman ,
Richard A. Normann ,
John P. Chandler  and
Leo E. Lipetz
Ido Perlman
Affiliation:
The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-lsrael Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Richard A. Normann
Affiliation:
Departments of Bioengineering, Ophthalmology and Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
John P. Chandler
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
Leo E. Lipetz
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology and the Institute for Research in Vision, The Ohio State University, Columbus
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Abstract

A technique by which the retina can be isolated from the turtle eye is described. Scanning electron microscopy revealed morphological variability between preparations and also between regions of the same one. Large areas were often totally free of any pigment epithelial cells, yet contained a high proportion of photoreceptors with complete outer segments. However, adjacent regions may contain photoreceptors without outer segments or with fragmented ones. The physiological properties of the horizontal cells also demonstrated large variability between different preparations. In all cases, lowering calcium concentration from 2 mM to 0.1−0.5 mM depolarized the horizontal cells and augmented the amplitude of the maximum photoresponses. However, these effects were accompanied by changes in the photoresponse kinetics and by a reduction in the horizontal cell sensitivity to light. Moreover, prolonged exposure to low calcium induced permanent damage to the retina as was indicated by the reduction in the response amplitude after superfusion with 2 mM calcium solution had been resumed. The toxic effects of low calcium were most apparent when superfusion with 0.1−1.0 μM calcium concentration was performed. These solutions induced complex time-dependent effects on the resting potential of horizontal cells and on the amplitude and kinetics of the photoresponses. We conclude from these observations that the normal concentration of extracellular calcium in the turtle retina is in the 2 mM range.

Keywords

RetinaCalciumHorizontal cell
Type
Research Articles
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , January 1990 , pp. 53 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

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