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Different types of synapses with different spectral types of cones underlie color opponency in a bipolar cell of the turtle retina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 1999

SILKE HAVERKAMP
Affiliation:
Neuroanatomy, Max-Planck-Institute für Hirnforschung, D-60528-Frankfurt, Germany
WOLFGANG MÖCKEL
Affiliation:
Institute of Cognitive Science and Department of Biology, University of Oldenburg, D-26111-Oldenburg, Germany
JOSEF AMMERMÜLLER
Affiliation:
Neuroanatomy, Max-Planck-Institute für Hirnforschung, D-60528-Frankfurt, Germany

Abstract

Electrophysiologically, color-opponent retinal bipolar cells respond with opposite polarities to stimulation with different wavelengths of light. The origin of these different polarities in the same bipolar cell has always been a mystery. Here we show that an intracellularly recorded and HRP-injected, red-ON, blue/green-OFF bipolar cell of the turtle retina made invaginating (ribbon associated) synapses exclusively with L-cones. Non-invaginating synapses resembling wide-cleft basal junctions were made exclusively with M-cones. Input from S-cones was not seen. From these results we suggest sign-inverting transmission from L-cones at invaginating synapses via metabotropic glutamate receptors, and sign-conserving transmission from M-cones at wide-cleft basal junctions via ionotropic receptors. To explain the pronounced blue sensitivity of the bipolar cell, computer simulations were performed using a sign-conserving input from a yellow/blue chromaticity-type (H3) horizontal cell. The response properties of the red-ON, blue/green-OFF bipolar cell could be quantitatively reproduced by this means. The simulation also explained the asymmetry in L- and M-cone inputs to the bipolar cell as found in the ultrastructural analysis and assigned a putative role to H3 horizontal cells in color processing in the turtle retina.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1999 Cambridge University Press

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