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SCORING THE JOURNEY: LISTENING TO CLAUDIA MOLITOR'S SONORAMA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 December 2021

Abstract

Sonorama is a 2015 sonic artwork by Claudia Molitor, consisting of a number of audio files designed for listening on a train journey between London St Pancras and Margate, and a graphic score based on the composer's own ‘reading’ of this journey. This article analyses the relationship between the sonic and the spatial in the work, exploring how Molitor's site-specific composition interacts with its environment on multiple scales. By drawing on the strategy of ‘situated listening’ developed by Gascia Ouzounian, as well as urbanist language introduced by Richard Sennett, this article seeks to elucidate the relationship between a number of ‘nested’ spaces, present across varying realisations, and the political agenda that energises the work. Written in the midst of summer 2015's European refugee crisis, the work brings into sharp focus themes of British exceptionalism, immigration and inclusion.

Type
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

An updated version of this article was published in January 2022, all of the corrections were minor typographical changes.

References

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3 Claudia Molitor, ‘Claudia Molitor’, 2019, claudiamolitor.org (accessed 30 September 2020).

4 Claudia Molitor, ‘Sonorama’, Strangeloop, 2015, www.strangeloop.co.uk/sonorama/ (accessed 7 December 2018).

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6 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 8.

7 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019.

8 These audio files are currently playable only through a mobile, tablet or laptop browser. Originally, they could be played via a dedicated app developed by Strangeloop, but this is no longer available on the iOS App Store.

9 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, pp. 60–61.

10 A full list of credited artists is available at www.strangeloop.co.uk/sonorama/ (accessed 7 December 2018).

11 Turner Contemporary, ‘The Sketch of the Sonorama by Claudia Molitor’, 2015, www.artlyst.com/whats-on-archive/the-sketch-of-the-sonorama-by-claudia-molitor-turner-contemporary-2/ (accessed 25 September 2020).

12 Irene Revell, ‘Sonorama: On Given Co-ordinates’, in Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 82.

13 Revell, ‘Sonorama: On Given Co-ordinates’, p. 82.

14 For more on Australian performers who emigrated to the UK around this time, see Stephen Alomes, When London Calls: The Expatriation of Australian Creative Artists to Britain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).

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18 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, pp. 8–9.

19 Sonorama was available on the App Store between 19 June and 13 September 2015.

20 Hansard, House of Commons Debates, vol. 596 (9 Jun 2015), cc. 1047–62.

21 UNHCR, ‘United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: Mediterranean Situation’, 2019, data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/mediterranean (accessed 5 November 2020).

22 Alan Travis, ‘Home Secretary Hardens Refusal to Accept EU Resettlement Programme’, Guardian, 11 May 2015, www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/may/11/home-secretary-theresa-may-eu-emergency-resettlement-programme-theresa-may (accessed 8 November 2020).

23 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 9.

24 David Hendy, ‘Moving Echoes: Tracking and Evoking the Lost Sounds of the Past’, in Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 81.

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26 Iqani, ‘Megatextuality’, p. 14. See also Marshall McLuhan and Bruce R. Powers, The Global Village: Transformations in World Life and Media in the 21st Century (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1989).

27 UK Government, ‘The UK's Points-Based Immigration System: An Introduction for Employers’, 2020, www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-points-based-immigration-system-employer-information/the-uks-points-based-immigration-system-an-introduction-for-employers (accessed 25 November 2020).

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32 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 82.

33 Sennett, Building and Dwelling, p. 213.

34 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, pp. 26–27.

35 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 17.

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40 Jameson, Postmodernism, p. 54.

41 Lynch, Kevin, The Image of the City, Publication of the Joint Center for Urban Studies (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005), p. 3Google Scholar.

42 Jameson, Postmodernism, p. 51, parentheses added.

43 Revell, ‘Sonorama: On Given Co-ordinates’, p. 83.

44 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019.

45 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019, parentheses added.

46 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train.

47 See, for example, Tiziano Bonini and Marta Perrotta, ‘On and off the Air: Radio-Listening Experiences in the San Vittore Prison’, Media, Culture & Society, 29, no. 2 (1 March 2007), pp. 179–93, and Michael Bull, ‘iPod Use, Mediation, and Privatization in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction’, in The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2014).

48 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019.

49 Sennett, Building and Dwelling, p. 236.

50 It's worth acknowledging briefly here that the seed metaphor is not deployed in a totally uncritical manner. As Ruth Solie's work on organicism has shown, music scholarship has long employed organic metaphors of growth. It is important to recognise that not every seed grows into a tree – and if it does so it is not through an innate and deterministic vital force. In the same way, not every ‘seed object’ grows in every habitat: a ‘successful performance’ – whatever this might look like in the context of a work – is not guaranteed, and acknowledgment of this fact is central to this article's critical framework, in contrast with the ‘mysticism and obscurantism’ of organicism. For more, see Ruth A. Solie, ‘The Living Work: Organicism and Musical Analysis’, 19th-Century Music, 4, no. 2 (2020), pp. 154–56.

51 Gascia Ouzounian, ‘Embodied Sound: Aural Architectures and the Body’, Contemporary Music Review, 25, no. 1–2 (2006), p. 72.

52 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 9.

53 Guardian, ‘Nigel Farage Addresses Ukip's Spring Conference in Margate – Video’, 28 February 2015, www.theguardian.com/politics/video/2015/feb/28/nigel-farage-addresses-ukip-spring-conference-margate-video (accessed 12 November 2020).

54 To put this figure into perspective, UKIP received only 2,529 votes when Trevor Shonk stood in the same constituency in 2010. Farage himself had also stood in South Thanet in 2005, receiving only 2,079 votes.

55 Craig Mackinlay, ‘Craig Mackinlay MP (@cmackinlay)’, Twitter, 2015, twitter.com/cmackinlay.

56 Higgins and Molitor, ‘Reflections on Roman Kent’, pp. 64, 68.

57 Detained Voices, ‘I Saw a Detainee Running toward the Door and up onto the Roof’, Detained Voices (blog), 15 May 2015, detainedvoices.com/2015/05/15/i-saw-a-detainee-running-toward-the-door-and-up-onto-the-roof/ (accessed 26 November 2020).

58 Michael Bull, ‘The World According to Sound: Investigating the World of Walkman Users’, New Media and Society, 3, no. 2 (2001), p. 193.

59 Judy Wajcman, Feminism Confronts Technology (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991), pp. 129–33; see also David Bissell, ‘Conceptualising Differently – Mobile Passengers: Geographies of Everyday Encumbrance in the Railway Station’, Social & Cultural Geography, 10, no. 2 (March 2009), pp. 173–95.

60 Leslie Kern, Feminist City (London and New York: Verso, 2020), p. 16.

61 Hendy, ‘Moving Echoes: Tracking and Evoking the Lost Sounds of the Past’, p. 81. For more on noise cancellation, see Mack Hagood's 2011 essay ‘Quiet Comfort: Noise, Otherness, and the Mobile Production of Personal Space’, American Quarterly, 63, no. 3 (2011), pp. 573–89. He characterises ‘soundscaping technology’ as an extension of the ‘exclusive spaces of the air terminal and air cabin’, which appeal predominantly to (white, male, affluent) business travellers. Indeed, just as ‘home audio equipment has long been used to construct a masculine refuge in the shared domestic space of the home’, noise-cancelling headphones can construct a ‘mobile office’ by ‘diminishing the audible evidence of the shared space users inhabit’.

62 Tomi Obaro, ‘AirPods Are Dumb!’, BuzzFeed News, 2019, www.buzzfeednews.com/article/tomiobaro/i-hate-airpods (accessed 26 November 2020).

63 Molitor, Sonorama: Listening to the View from the Train, p. 9.

64 George Revill, ‘Music and the Politics of Sound: Nationalism, Citizenship, and Auditory Space’, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 18, no. 5 (2000), p. 598.

65 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019.

66 Claudia Molitor in conversation with the author, 28 November 2019.