Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-r6qrq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T17:13:05.664Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Structure of the Circumstellar Material in Be Stars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2016

L.B.F.M. Waters
Affiliation:
Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam SRON Laboratory for Space Research Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen
J.M. Marlborough
Affiliation:
Astronomy Department, University of Western Ontario London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

We review observations that are relevant for the determination of the structure and geometry of the circumstellar envelopes of Be stars. Evidence is summarized suggesting that Be stars have rotating discs. Infrared and radio continuum and line measurements and their interpretation are discussed.

Type
6. Be Stars: Circumstellar Environment
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1994 

References

Apparao, K.M.V., Rengarajan, T.N., Tarafdar, S.P. and Ghosh, K.K.: 1991, Astron. Astrophys. 229, 141.Google Scholar
Ashok, N.M., Bhatt, H.C., Kuhlkarni, P.V. and Joshi, S.C.: 1984, Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc. 211, 471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baade, D., Dachs, J., can de Weygaert, R. and Steeman, F.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 198, 211.Google Scholar
Bjorkman, J.E. and Cassinelli, J.P.: 1993, Astrophys. J. 409, 429.Google Scholar
Cassinelli, J.P. and Hartmann, L.: 1979, Astrophys. J. 212, 488.Google Scholar
Chen, H., Marlborough, J.M. and Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1992, Astrophys. J. 384, 604.Google Scholar
Dachs, J., Hanuschik, R., Kaiser, D. and Rohe, D.: 1986, Astron. Astrophys. 159, 276.Google Scholar
Dachs, J., Engels, D. and Kiehling, R.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 194, 167.Google Scholar
Dachs, J., Hummel, W. and Hanuschik, R.W.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 95, 437.Google Scholar
Doazan, V., Rusconi, L., Sedmak, G., Thomas, R.N. and Bourdonneau, B.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys. 182, L25.Google Scholar
Dougherty, S.M., Taylor, A.R. and Clark, T.A.: 1991, Astron. J. 102, 1753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dougherty, S.M. and Taylor, A.R.: 1992, Nature 359, 808.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dougherty, S.M., Cramer, N., van Kerkwijk, M.H., Taylor, A.R. and Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1993, Astron. Astrophys. 273, 503.Google Scholar
Dougherty, S.M., Waters, L.B.F.M., Burki, G., Cramer, N., van Kerkwijk, M.H. and Taylor, A.R.: 1994, Astron. Astrophys. in press.Google Scholar
Hanuschik, R.W.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys. 173, 299.Google Scholar
Hanuschik, R.W.: 1989, Astrophys. Space Sci. 161, 61.Google Scholar
Hummel, W. and Dachs, J.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 262, L17.Google Scholar
Kastner, J.H. and Mazzali, P.A.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 210, 295.Google Scholar
Kogure, T.: 1990, Astrophys. Space Sci. 163, 7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marlborough, J.M., Chen, H. and Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1993, Astrophys. J. 408, 646.Google Scholar
Okasaki, A.T.: 1991, Publ. Astr. Soc. Japan 43, 75.Google Scholar
Owocki, S.P., Cranmer, S.R. and Blondin, J.M.: 1993, Astrophys. J. in press.Google Scholar
Papaloizou, J.C., Savonije, G.J. and Henrichs, H.F.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 265, L45.Google Scholar
Poeckert, R. and Marlborough, J.M.: 1978a, Astrophys. J. 220, 940.Google Scholar
Poeckert, R. and Marlborough, J.M.: 1978b, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 38, 229.Google Scholar
Poeckert, R. and Marlborough, J.M.: 1979, Astrophys. J. 233, 259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poeckert, R. and Marlborough, J.M.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 252, 196.Google Scholar
Savonije, G.J. and Heemskerk, M.H.M.: 1993, Astron. Astrophys. 276, 409.Google Scholar
Slettebak, A.: 1982, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 50, 55.Google Scholar
Slettebak, A. and Snow, T.P.: 1987, Physics of Be Stars: IAU Colloquium 98 , Cambridge Univ. Press: Cambridge.Google Scholar
Snow, T.P.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 251, 139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, T.P.: 1987, in Slettebak, A. and Snow, T.P., eds., Physics of Be Stars: IAU Colloquium 98 , Cambridge Univ. Press: Cambridge, 250.Google Scholar
Taylor, A.R., Waters, L.B.F.M., Lamers, H.J.G.L.M., Persi, P. and Bjorkman, K.S.: 1987, Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc. 228, 811.Google Scholar
Taylor, A.R., Waters, L.B.F.M., Bjorkman, K.S. and Dougherty, S.M.: 1990, Astron. Astrophys. 231, 453.Google Scholar
Telting, J.H., Waters, L.B.F.M., Persi, P. and Dunlop, S.R.: 1993, Astron. Astrophys. 270, 355.Google Scholar
Van Kerkwijk, M.H., Waters, L.B.F.M. and Marlborough, J.M.: 1994, Astron. Astrophys. submitted.Google Scholar
Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1986a, Astron. Astrophys. 162, 121.Google Scholar
Waters, L.B.F.M.: 1986b, Astron. Astrophys. 159, L1.Google Scholar
Waters, L.B.F.M., Coté, J. and Lamers, H.J.G.L.M.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys. 185, 206.Google Scholar
Waters, L.B.F.M., Taylor, A.R., van den Heuvel, E.P.J., Habets, G.M.H.J. and Persi, P.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 198, 200.Google Scholar
Waters, L.B.F.M., van der Veen, W.E.C.J., Taylor, A.R., Marlborough, J.M. and Dougherty, S.M.: 1991, Astron. Astrophys. 244, 120.Google Scholar
Wright, A.E. and Barlow, M.J.: 1975, Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc. 170, 41.Google Scholar