Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-jwnkl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T12:18:04.708Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interpretation of the X-Ray Spectra of Solar Active Regions∗

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

Arthur B. C. Walker Jr.
Arthur B. C. Walker Jr.*
Affiliation:
Institute for Plasma Research and Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., U.S.A.

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This paper presents a review of recent analytical studies of the coronal X-ray spectrum below 25 Å. The techniques used to compute the theoretical coronal spectrum, and the currently available atomic rate constant data are reviewed first. Spectroscopic techniques which have been proposed for the determination of coronal temperature and density structure, and the results derived from their application to coronal spectra are also reviewed.

A number of coronal models based on X-ray observations have been developed recently, and the coronal temperature structure and composition predicted by these models is discussed, and compared with models of the corona and transition region derived from studies of the solar EUV spectrum.

Type
Part 2: Active Regions
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 68: Solar X, Gamma, and EUV Radiation , 1975 , pp. 73 - 100
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1975 

References

Acton, L. W., Catura, R. C., Meyerott, A. J., Wolfson, C. J., and Culhane, J. L.: 1972, Solar Phys. 26, 183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batstone, R. M., Evans, K., Parkinson, J. H., and Pounds, K. A.: 1970, Solar Phys. 13, 389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bely, O.: 1966a, Ann. Astrophys. 29, 683.Google Scholar
Bely, O.: 1966b, Proc. Phys. Soc. 88, 587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bely, O. and Bely, F.: 1967, Solar Phys. 2, 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bely, O. and Petrini, D.: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 6, 318.Google Scholar
Bonnell, C., Senemand, C., Senemand, G., Chambre, G., Guionnet, M., Heroux, J. C., and Michaud, R.: 1973, Solar Phys. 29, 341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgess, A., Hummer, D. G., and Tully, J. A.: 1970, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A266, 225.Google Scholar
Burke, P. G., Hubbert, A., and Robb, W. D.: 1972, J. Phys. B5, 37.Google Scholar
Burke, P. G., Tait, J. H., and Lewis, B. A.: 1966, Proc. Phys. Soc. 87, 209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, A. G. W.: 1974, Space Sci. Rev. 15, 121.Google Scholar
Chambe, G.: 1971, Astron. Astrophys. 12, 210.Google Scholar
Cowan, R. D. and Widing, K. G.: 1972, Astrophys. J. 180, 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culhane, J. L.: 1969, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 144, 375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culhane, J. L. and Acton, L. W.: 1974, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 12, 359, Ann. Rev. Inc. Palo Alto.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doschek, G. A.: 1972, Space Sci. Rev. 13, 765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupree, A. K.: 1972, Astrophys. J. 178, 527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, K. and Pounds, K. A.: 1968, Astrophys. J. 152, 313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flower, D. R.: 1971, J. Phys. B4, 697.Google Scholar
Flower, D. R. and Launay, J. M.: 1972, J. Phys. B5, L207.Google Scholar
Flower, D. R. and Pineau des Forets, G.: 1973, Astron. Astrophys. 24, 181.Google Scholar
Gabriel, A. H.: 1972, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 160, 99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabriel, A. H. and Jordan, Carole: 1972, in McDaniel, E. W. and McDowell, M. R. C. (eds.), Case Studies in Atomic Collision Physics, Vol. II, North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, p. 211.Google Scholar
Gabriel, A. H. and Jordan, Carole: 1973, Astrophys. J. 186, 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gabriel, A. H. and Paget, T. M.: 1972, J. Phys. B5, 673.Google Scholar
Garstang, R. H.: 1969, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 81, 488.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grineva, Y. I., Karev, V. I., Korneev, V. V., Krutov, V. V., Mandelstam, S. L., Varnshtein, L. A., Vaisiljev, B. N., and Zitnik, I. A.: 1973, Solar Phys. 29, 441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gurman, J. B., Withbroe, G. L., and Harvey, J. W.: 1974, Solar Phys. 34, 105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heroux, L. and Cohen, M.: 1971, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A270, 99.Google Scholar
Heroux, L., Cohen, M., and Malinovsky, Monique: 1972, Solar Phys. 23, 369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutcheon, R. J. and McWhirter, R. W. P.: 1973, J. Phys. B6, 2268.Google Scholar
Jefferies, J. T., Orrall, G. Q., and Zirker, J. B.: 1972a, Solar Phys. 22, 307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jefferies, J. T., Orrall, G. Q., and Zirker, J. B.: 1972b, Solar Phys. 22, 317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jefferies, J. T., Orrall, G. Q., and Zirker, J. B.: 1972c, Solar Phys. 22, 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, W. D. and Kunze, H. J.: 1971, Phys. Rev. A4, 962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, Carole: 1966, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 132, 463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, Carole: 1969, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 142, 499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, Carole: 1970, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 149, 1.Google Scholar
Jordan, Carole: 1971, in de Jager, C. (ed.), Highlights in Astronomy, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, p. 519 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, Carole: 1975, This volume, p. 109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kopp, R. A.: 1972, Solar Phys. 27, 373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kopp, R. A. and Kupers, M.: 1968, Solar Phys. 4, 212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landini, M. and Monsignori Fossi, B. C.: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 6, 468.Google Scholar
Landini, M. and Monsignori Fossi, B. C.: 1972, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. 7, 291.Google Scholar
Loulergue, M.: 1971, Astron. Astrophys. 15, 126.Google Scholar
Loulergue, M.: 1973, Private communication.Google Scholar
Loulergue, M. and Nussbaumer, H.: 1973, Astron. Astrophys. 24, 312.Google Scholar
Malinovsky, Monique and Heroux, L.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 181, 1009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mewe, R.: 1972, Solar Phys. 22, 459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munro, R. H., Dupree, A. K., and Withbroe, G. L.: 1971, Sol. Phys. 19, 347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neupert, W. M., Thomas, R. J., and Chapman, R. D.: 1974, Solar Phys. 34, 349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noyes, R.: 1971, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2, 209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noyes, R., Withbroe, G. L., and Kirschner, R. P.: 1970, Solar Phys. 11, 388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkinson, J. H.: 1973a, Solar Phys 28, 137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkinson, J. H.: 1973b, Solar Phys. 28, 489.Google Scholar
Parkinson, J. H.: 1975, This volume, p. 45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkinson, J. H. and Pounds, K. A.: 1971, Solar Phys. 17, 146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, K. J. H. and Neupert, W. M.: 1973, Solar Phys. 32, 209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pneuman, G. W.: 1972, Astrophys. J. 177, 793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pneuman, G. W.: 1973, Solar Phys. 28, 247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pottasch, S. R.: 1964, Space Sci. Rev. 3, 816.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pottasch, S. R.: 1966, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 18, 237.Google Scholar
Pottasch, S. R.: 1967, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 19, 113.Google Scholar
Rugge, H. R. and Walker, A. B. C.: 1970, Solar Phys. 15, 372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rugge, H. R. and Walker, A. B. C.: 1971, Solar Phys. 18, 244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rugge, H. R. and Walker, A. B. C.: 1974, Astron. Astrophys. 33, 367.Google Scholar
Sampson, D. H. and Parks, A. D.: 1974, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series 28, 323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shore, B.: 1969, Astrophys. J. 158, 1205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, P. L. and Whaling, W.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 183, 313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sturrock, P. A.: 1972a, Solar Phys. 23, 438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sturrock, P. A.: 1972b, Progress Astron. Aeronaut. 30, 172.Google Scholar
Syrovatskii, S. I. and Shmeleva, O. P.: 1972, Soviet Astron – A.J. 16, 273.Google Scholar
Tondello, G. and McWhirter, R. W. P.: 1971, J. Phys. B4, 715.Google Scholar
Tully, J. A.: 1974, J. Phys. B7, 386.Google Scholar
Tucker, W. H.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 186, 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucker, W. H. and Koren, M.: 1971, Astrophys. J. 168, 283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Underwood, J. H.: 1974, Paper presented at the Joint IAU-COSPAR Symp. 68 on ‘Solar Gamma, X- and EUV Radiation’, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 11–14 June, 1974 (unpublished).Google Scholar
Vaiana, G.: 1974, Paper presented at the Joint IAU-COSPAR Symp. 68 on ‘Solar Gamma, X- and EUV Radiation’, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 11–14 June, 1974 (unpublished).Google Scholar
Vaiana, G. S., Davis, J. M., Giacconi, R., Kreger, A. S., Silk, J. K., Timothy, A. F., and Zombeck, M.: 1973, Astrophys. J. Letters 185, 247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Regemorter, H.: 1962, Astrophys. J. 136, 906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vil'koviskii, E. Ya.: 1972, Astron Zh. 49, 1125 (English translation Soviet Astron. – A.J. 16, 918.) Google Scholar
Walker, A. B. C.: 1972, Space Sci. Rev. 13, 672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. B. C. and Rugge, H. R.: 1971, Astrophys. J. 164, 181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. B. C., Rugge, H. R., and Weiss, K.: 1974a, Astrophys. J. 188, 423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. B. C., Rugge, H. R., and Weiss, K.: 1974b, Astrophys. J. 192, 169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, A. B. C., Rugge, H. R., and Weiss, K.: 1974c, Astrophys. J. 194, 471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, D. W.: 1974, J. Phys. B7, 97.Google Scholar
Widing, K. G.: 1966, Astrophys. J. 145, 380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Withbroe, G. L.: 1971a, in Gebbie, K. B. (ed.), The Menzel Symposium on 'Solar Physics, Atomic Spectra, and Gaseous Nebulae’, NBS Special Publication 353, 127.Google Scholar
Withbroe, G. L.: 1971b, Solar Phys. 18, 458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Withbroe, G. L., Dupree, A. K., Goldberg, L., Huber, C. E., Noyes, R. W., Parkinson, W. H., and Reeves, E. M.: 1971, Solar Phys. 21, 272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Withbroe, G. L. and Gurman, J. B.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 183, 279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar