Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-q6k6v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-14T00:51:09.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Marianne Farningham: Work, Leisure, and the Use of Time

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2016

Linda Wilson*
Affiliation:
Open Theological College, Cheltenham

Extract

In 1907, aged seventy and nearing the end of her long life as a journalist and writer, Marianne Farningham published her autobiography. She gave it the forthright title A Working Woman’s Life, thus indicating that in her old age she constructed her identity as that of both ‘woman’ and ‘worker’, closely bound up with her gender as well as with the type of life she had lived. Looking back from the perspective of the early twentieth century, although with a view of life largely shaped in the 1840s and 1850s, she recounted, amongst other things, the joys of her work, the perils of overwork, and the pleasures of relaxation. Her writing accordingly included several passages addressing matters relating to the use and abuse of time.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Farningham, Marianne, Life Sketches, 1st ser. (London, 1861), p. 66.Google Scholar

2 Farningham, Marianne, Girlhood (London, 1869), p. 39.Google Scholar

3 Munson, James, The Nonconformists (London, 1991), p. 73.Google Scholar

4 Farningham, Marianne, A Working Woman’s Life (London, 1907), p. 148.Google Scholar

5 The Christian World, 25 March 1909: account of sermon at Barmouth following Marianne Farningham’s death.

6 Farningham, Life, p. 156.

7 Ibid., p. 266.

8 Ibid., pp. 266–7.

9 Rosman, Doreen, Evangelicals and Culture (London, 1984), p. 121.Google Scholar

10 Bebbington, David W., Evangelicalism in Modern Britain (London, 1989), p. 105.Google Scholar

11 Farningham, Sketches, pp. 39–40, 66.

12 Ibid., p. 17.

13 Farningham, Marianne, Lays and Lyrics of the Blessed Life, 4th edn (London, 1860), pp. 634.Google Scholar

14 Famingham, Marianne, Home Life (London, 1869), p. 38.Google Scholar

15 Ibid., p. 41.

16 See Bailey, Peter, Leisure and Class in Victorian England (London, 1978), ch. 3Google Scholar, on the middle classes and the new leisure in the mid-Victorian period.

17 Famingham, Sketches, p. 22.

18 Ibid., p. 67; a similar sentiment is expressed in Home Life, p. 88.

19 Hope, Eva, Grace Darling (London, 1875), p. 56 Google Scholar. In addition to her journalistic work, Famingham wrote several biographies and edited at least three collections of poetry, all under a second pseudonym of Eva Hope which, as she commented later (Famingham, Life, p. 131), was ‘about the weakest [name] we could have found.’ The account of Grace Darling is almost certainly fictional: see Armstrong, Richard, Grace Darling: Maid and Myth (London, 1965), p. 62 Google Scholar. Whilst, as Armstrong argued, this work is ‘bad beyond belief as a biography (p. 10), it provides a useful reflection of the beliefs and attitudes of the author.

20 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 34.

21 Farningham, Life, p. 141.

22 Supplement to The Christian World, 18 March 1909, personal tribute by Jennie Street.

23 Farningham, Life, p. 262.

24 Farningham, Girlhood, pp. 30–5.

25 Farningham, Sketches, p. 66.

26 Farningham, Life, p. 273.

27 Farningham, Girlhood, pp. 30–1.

28 Ibid., p. 17.

29 Hope, Darling, p. 294.

30 Farningham, Marianne, Little Tales for Little Readers (London, 1869), p. 102.Google Scholar

31 Farningham, Sketches, p. 135. For further discussion of her view of women and work see Wilson, L., ‘“Afraid to be singular”; Marianne Farningham and the role of women’, in Morgan, S., ed., Strategies of Subversion: Women, Religion and the Dynamics of Feminism: Britain 1750–1900 (forthcoming).Google Scholar

32 Farningham, Life, p. 234.

33 Farningham, Life, p. 215.

34 Ibid., p. 141.

35 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 36.

36 Farningham, Life, p. 141.

37 Ibid., p. 275. The biblical quotation is from Acts 13–36.

38 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 43.

39 Ibid., pp. 40–1.

40 Farningham, Life, p. 22.

41 Ibid., p. 139.

42 Farningham, Girlhood, pp. 67–9.

43 Farningham, Marianne, Boyhood (London, 1870), p. 40.Google Scholar

44 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 42.

45 Farningham, Life, p. 122.

46 Ibid., pp. 179–87.

47 Ibid., pp. 230–4.

48 Farningham, Sketches, p. 23.

49 Farningham, Home Life, pp. 7–31, 57–60. For home and Nonconformist women, see Wilson, L., ‘“She succeeds with cloudless brow” …. How active was the spirituality of Nonconformist women in the home during the period 1825–75?’, SCH, 34 (1998), pp. 34759.Google Scholar

50 Farningham, Cirlhood, p. 47.

51 Farningham, Home Life, p. 52.

52 Farningham, Life, pp. 22–3.

53 Ibid., p. 71.

54 Farningham, Home Life, p. 54.

55 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 46.

56 Farningham, Boyhood, p. 54.

57 Farningham, Girlhood, p. 46.

58 Ibid., p. 44.

59 Ibid., p. 45.

60 Farningham, Boyhood, pp. 54–6.

61 Farningham, Sketches, pp. 9–11.

62 Ibid., p. 128.

63 Farningham, Life, p. 165.

64 It is interesting that she regarded it as self-evident that ‘my writings have appealed most of all to the working-classes’: Farningham, Life, p. 269.