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Spanish Validation of the Adolescent Self-Consciousness Questionnaire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2020

Alexandra Morales Open the ORCID record for Alexandra Morales [Opens in a new window] ,
Miriam Rodríguez-Menchón Open the ORCID record for Miriam Rodríguez-Menchón [Opens in a new window] ,
Adriana Lis Open the ORCID record for Adriana Lis [Opens in a new window] ,
Elisa Delvecchio Open the ORCID record for Elisa Delvecchio [Opens in a new window] ,
Jian-Bin Li Open the ORCID record for Jian-Bin Li [Opens in a new window] ,
Mireia Orgilés Open the ORCID record for Mireia Orgilés [Opens in a new window]  and
José P. Espada Open the ORCID record for José P. Espada [Opens in a new window]
Alexandra Morales*
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (Spain)
Miriam Rodríguez-Menchón
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (Spain)
Adriana Lis
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi di Padova (Italy)
Elisa Delvecchio
Affiliation:
Università degli Studi di Perugia (Italy)
Jian-Bin Li
Affiliation:
The Education University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong)
Mireia Orgilés
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (Spain)
José P. Espada
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (Spain)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Alexandra Morales. Departamento de la Psicología de la Salud de la Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche. 032020 Elche (Spain). E-mail: alexandra.moraless@umh.es
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Abstract

Self-consciousness development takes place mainly in adolescence because the brain undergoes certain structural changes that facilitate abstract thinking and metacognition, thus favoring the development of identity. Despite the importance of self-consciousness for mental health, there are no specific measurement instruments for Spanish adolescents. The objective of this study was to explore the dimensions of self-consciousness among Spanish adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years and validate the Chinese Adolescent Self-Consciousness Questionnaire (ASC) in this population. A second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in accordance with previous validations of the ASC, using R Studio and the Lavaan package, to test its adequacy in a Spanish sample. Internal consistency and temporal stability were also tested, and evidence of validity was found. The results showed a good fit to the model eliminating four items with poor fit indices, CFI = .90, TLI = .89, RMSEA = .078, 95% CI [.076, .080]. Higher self-consciousness was associated with greater self-esteem and lower depressive symptomatology. No significant gender differences were found. This study provides a valid measure to evaluate self-consciousness in Spanish adolescents. The relationship established between self-consciousness and anxiety and depression requires further study as self-consciousness is involved in the development and maintenance of adolescent psychopathology.

Keywords

adolescent self-consciousnessPsychometricsscale validation
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 23 , 2020 , e24
Copyright
© Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid

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Footnotes

This study was funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD) of Spain (FPU16/05825).

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