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Design and Psychometric Analysis of the Stressors and Modulators of Gestational Stress Inventory (SMGSI)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2020

Raquel González-Ochoa ,
Nazira Calleja Open the ORCID record for Nazira Calleja [Opens in a new window] ,
María Rocío Hernández-Pozo Open the ORCID record for María Rocío Hernández-Pozo [Opens in a new window] ,
Yolanda Campos-Uscanga Open the ORCID record for Yolanda Campos-Uscanga [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonia Barranca-Enríquez Open the ORCID record for Antonia Barranca-Enríquez [Opens in a new window]  and
Tania Romo-González Open the ORCID record for Tania Romo-González [Opens in a new window]
Raquel González-Ochoa
Affiliation:
Universidad Veracruzana (Mexico)
Nazira Calleja
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México (Mexico)
María Rocío Hernández-Pozo
Affiliation:
Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México (Mexico)
Yolanda Campos-Uscanga
Affiliation:
Universidad Veracruzana (Mexico)
Antonia Barranca-Enríquez
Affiliation:
Universidad Veracruzana (Mexico)
Tania Romo-González*
Affiliation:
Universidad Veracruzana (Mexico)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Tania Romo-González. Universidad Veracruzana. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas. Área de Biología y Salud Integral. Dr. Luis Castellano, s/n, Col. Industrial Las Animas, Xalapa. 91190 Veracruz (Mexico). E-mail: tromogonzalez@uv.mx
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Abstract

Gestational stress is associated with many maternal and child complications, however, this association must be taken with care, since there are studies that find inconsistent results between stress measures and maternal complications. It is believed that the lack of convergence is due to the way in which gestational stress is evaluated.

The aim of the present study was to design and validate an instrument based on a bio-psycho-social model of gestational stress. The design and validation process of the inventory was divided into four phases: (a) Construction of the items bank and content validity, (b) construct validity, (c) inventory reliability and (d) convergent and discriminant validity with psychometric instruments that have been used in other investigations to evaluate gestational stress.

A valid and reliable Stressors and Modulators of Gestational Stress Inventory (SMGSI) conformed by two scales was developed: (a) Gestational stressors, which is formed by two factors, the psychological stressors and social stressors with a variance of 48.5% and 51.8% and a reliability of .79 and .67, respectively; and (b) gestational stress modulators integrated by 8 items that explain 55.2% of the variance and with a reliability of .92. In conclusion, a valid and reliable tool was obtained that measures gestational stress from a bio-psycho-social perspective. This inventory allows for the identification of allostatic and pantostatic stress, making it useful as a diagnostic tool to prevent maternal and childhood complications that are associated with chronic gestational stress.

Keywords

gestational stresspregnancypsychological factorsstress
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 23 , 2020 , e26
Copyright
© Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2020

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Footnotes

Conflicts of Interest: None

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors Raquel GonzÃlez-Ochoa is recipient of doctoral fellowship from CONACYT. Sara Robledo Waters proofread all the manuscript.

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