The aim of the research work described in this paper was to study the versatility and effectiveness of commercially available all-purpose robot grippers. In particular, the authors analyzed the capabilities of a two-finger, parallel-action gripper. Another aspect considered in this investigation was the relationship between motion economy and a variety of factors, viz. programming method, gripping configuration, speed of the robot's movement and the weight of the workpiece being handled, all from a standpoint of gripping effectiveness. The potential value of this research work is threefold, involving a knowledge of robot systems limitations, alternate gripping approaches and the development of an extendable gripping analysis method. Further research work is anticipated for a variety of different grippers and robotic arms.

This paper summarises the results of work carried out in planning the application of a robot in a working cell including a small number of metal cutting machines. The viewpoint assumed is that of a first-time user of robots, and includes the procedure for selecting a robot. Because the analysis calls for robot information not readily available to the user, or which is application specific, a significant conclusion is the necessity to establish a structured programme of collaboration between robot user and robot manufacturer, which becomes an essential part of the analytical and design process.

After reviewing historical developments in robotics, particularly in Europe, and the current applications in industry, The author indicates possible trends in the future as regards the expansion of industrial automation and its impact on employment. Of interest is the concept of technological consortia or ‘systems houses’ capable of understanding from a ‘system’ perspective the cost-effective implications of overall system design. The final part of the paper is concerned with the examination of goals that lead to future developments, viz. the convergence of traditionally separate technologies, new design methodologies, rational software design, harmony between different kinds of software, and a new look at education and training leading to the emergence of a new type of engineer. The author advocates a balanced emphasis on these aspects and their co-ordination.

A learning algorithm for the inference of sequential machines from input/output behaviour is developed. The construction of the models is sequentially achieved by processing input/output (i/o) sequences, and through an induction-contradiction-discrimination scheme. The various states are discriminated after the discovery of contradictory i/o sequences. The properties of the inferred machines and some reported experiments indicate the efficiency of the learning concept of contradiction for this application. Possible application in Robotics for the learning of assembling models is also mentioned.

Taylor Hitec Ltd are active in the field of inventive design and successful construction of unique robotic implements for remote working in nuclear power plant and associated waste processing. The company has widened its operation and expertise to provide a concept-to-commission service in consultant and applications engineering for the introduction of robots and FMS in manufacturing and process industries. In the profile presented here are some examples of the manipulators produced by the company and their technical evolution, together with an outline of the successful widening of business into the fields of industrial robotics and flexible manufacturing systems.