Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-cnmwb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T09:40:35.997Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Jewish Scribes and Christian Patrons: The Hebraica Collection of Johann Jakob Fugger

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Ilona Steimann*
Affiliation:
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster

Abstract

Acquiring Hebrew books was a common practice among Christian humanists. More surprising, perhaps, is that a large group of Hebrew manuscripts was produced for a Christian library. A Jewish scribal workshop organized by Johann Jakob Fugger (1516–75) in Venice—here analyzed for the first time—is one of the rarest examples of this phenomenon that emerged out of Renaissance book culture. To understand Fugger’s extensive bibliophilic enterprise, this essay examines the circulation and dissemination of Hebrew texts from the Jewish bookshelf among Christians, the relationships between Christian patrons and Jewish scribes, and the role of manuscripts as agents of print and as objects of collecting.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 Renaissance Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography

Archivio di Stato, Modena, Archivi per materia, busta 5: letterati. Antonio Pizzamano’s register of Domenico Grimani’s library. 1498.Google Scholar
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich (BSB), Chm 5:1–2. Biblical commentaries. Würzburg, 1232/33.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 7, 8–11, 17–19, 22, 24–28, 30–33, 35, 39–49, 51–53, 55–59, 63–66, 68, 73. Miscellanies on Kabbalah, philosophy, medicine, grammar, and biblical commentaries, produced in Venice in 1548–52 for Johann Jakob Fugger. In addition, BSB, Chm 12, 15, 20, 23, 29, 34, 50, 54, 60–62 (not mentioned in the essay) belonged to the Fugger group.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 79. Works of Zeraḥia ben Isaac ben Shealtiel. Italy, 1314.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 80. Albucasis, Sefer ha-Shimush. Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 81. Eleazar of Worms, Sodei Razayya. 1555.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 103. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Rome, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 112. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Gradoli, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 115. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Gradoli, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 121. Moses Narboni, Commentary to Al-Ghazali’s Kavanot ha-Filosofim. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 209. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Spain, 1298.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 217–19. Zohar. 1536.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 223. Moses Kimḥi, Commentary to the Proverbs. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 266. Theodoric Borgognoni, Refu’ah (Surgery). Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 267. Anonymous commentary to the Pentateuch Meshekh Ḥokhmah (The duration of wisdom). Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 268. Yeḥiel ben Yekutiel, Ma‘alot ha-Middot (The gradation of virtues). Italy, 1343.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 278. Levi ben Gershom, Supercommentary to Averroes’s middle commentary to Aristotle’s Physics. Italy, 1468.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 341. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 357. Miscellany on philosophy. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 402. Works of Shem Tov ibn Falaquera. Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Clm 23736. Letters of Andreas Masius. 1538–72.Google Scholar
BSB, 4 A. hebr. 362g. Moses ben Naḥman, Sha‘ar ha-Gemul. Constantinople, 1519.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan, F 25 Sup., fols. 1r–211r. Judah Messer Leon, Nofet Tsufim. Ferrara, 1474.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City (BAV), ebr. 69. Eleazar ben Moses Ha-Darshan, Commentary to the Pentateuch based on gematriot. Rome, 1568.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 70. Anonymous commentary to Genesis; Moses ben Isaac Ḥalayo, Commentary to the canticles. Rome, 1556.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 81, fols. 215–244r. Aggadic compilation (Yalkut Shimoni) on Psalms. Rome, 1598.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 85. Immanuel ben Solomon of Rome, Commentary to the canticles. Rome, 1592.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 93. Alkorsono, Judah ben Joseph, ’Aron ha-‘Edut (The ark of the covenant). Rome, 1596.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 190. Flavius Mithridates, Latin translations of kabbalistic works. Ca. 1486.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 191. BAV, ebr. 190. Flavius Mithridates, Latin translations of kabbalistic works. Ca. 1486.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 272. Notes on biblical passages and other matters. Italy, 1566.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 340. Miscellany. Rome, 1595–99.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 408. Sefer Josippon. Fano, 1443.Google Scholar
BAV, lat. 3436, fols. 263r–296v. Register of Pico della Mirandola’s Hebraica. Sixteenth century.Google Scholar
Biblioteca de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, G I 7; G IV 15; G IV 16. Respectively, Abraham ben Haim Ramokh, Commentary to the Psalms (Rome, 1576); Miscellany on Kabbalah (Rome, 1584); Moses ben Isaac Ḥalayo, Commentary to the canticles (Rome, sixteenth century).Google Scholar
Biblioteca Marciana, Venice, MS latini cl. XIV, 182 (4669). Index of Domenico Grimani’s library. Ca. 1520.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Palatina, Parma (BP), Cod. Parm. 2285. Miscellany on Hebrew grammar. 1428.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2304. Miscellany on Hebrew grammar. Italy, fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2588. Shmuel of Ulm, Sefer ha-Minhagim. Venice, sixteenth century.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2651. Works of Judah Messer Leon. Salonika, 1560.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 3487. Works of Abraham ibn Ezra. Italy, 1557–59.Google Scholar
Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, MS lat. 6508, fols. 71r–76v. Elijah del Medigo’s letter to Pico della Mirandola. Late fifteenth century.Google Scholar
Bodleian Library, Oxford (Bodl.), MS Opp. 576. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Venice, 1547.Google Scholar
Bodl., MS Opp. 587. Al-Ghazali, Kavanot ha-Filosofim; Simḥa ben Samuel of Speyer, Tikkun Shetarot (The correction of bills). Segovia, 1478.Google Scholar
Bodl., MS Reggio 23. Alemanno, Yoḥanan, Excerpts on Kabbalah and philosophy. Mantua and Florence, 1478–1504.Google Scholar
British Library, London, Add. 27199. Eleazar of Worms, Sodei Razayya. Italy, 1515.Google Scholar
Jewish Theological Seminary, New York, Rab. 974. Massoret ha-Talmud. Italy, 1553.Google Scholar
National Library of Israel, Jerusalem, MS Heb. 8°5842. Calendric notes. Prague, 1554.Google Scholar
Rav Kook Institute, Jerusalem, MS 61. Miscellany on Lurianic Kabbalah. Italy, sixteenth century.Google Scholar
Universitätsbibliothek, Basel, A IX 99, fols. 19r–98v. Guillaume Postel, translation of Sefer ha-Bahir. 1549.Google Scholar
Universiteitsbibliotheek, Leiden (UB Leiden), Cod. Or. 4728. Abulcasis, Sefer ha-Shimush. Italy, fifteenth century.Google Scholar
UB Leiden, Cod. Or. 4731. Miscellany on astrology and astronomy. Italy, fifteenth century.Google Scholar
Abate, Emma. “Filologia e Qabbalah: La collezione ebraica di Egidio da Viterbo alla biblioteca Angelica di Roma.Archivio italiano per la storia della pietà 26 (2014): 409–46.Google Scholar
Abrams, Daniel, ed. The Book Bahir: An Edition Based on the Earliest Manuscripts (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Cherub Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Abrams, Daniel. Kabbalistic Manuscripts and Textual Theory: Methodologies of Textual Scholarship and Editorial Practice in the Study of Jewish Mysticism. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Ambrogio, Teseo. Introductio in Chaldaicam Linguam, Syriacam, atque Armenicam et Decem Alias Linguas. Pavia, 1539.Google Scholar
Amram, David W. The Makers of Hebrew Books in Italy. Philadelphia: Greenstone, 1909.Google Scholar
Asaf, Simha. “עם הספר‘ והספר’” (“The People of the Book” and the book). In Be-Ohalei Yaakov: Chapters from the Jewish Culture in the Middle Ages, 1–26. Jerusalem: Mosad ha-Rav Kuk, 1943.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi. The Makings of the Medieval Hebrew Book: Studies in Palaeography and Codicology. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi, and Benjamin Richler, ed. Catalogue of Hebrew Manuscripts in the Biblioteca Palatina in Parma. Jerusalem: Jewish National and University Library, 2001.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi. “The Individualistic Nature of the Hebrew Medieval Book Production and Consumption.” In Manuscrits hébreux et arabes (2014), 1728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benayahu, Meir. “רבי עזרא מפנו חכם מקובל ומנהיג” (Rabbi Ezra of Fano, the Kabbalist and the leader). In Collection of Essays in Honor of Yosef Dov ha-Levi Soloveychik, ed. Isaac Raphael, 2:786855. Jerusalem: Mosad ha-Rav Kuk, 1984.Google Scholar
Bland, Kalman P.Elijah del Medigo’s Averroistic Response to the Kabbalahs of the Fifteenth-Century Jewry and Pico della Mirandola.Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy 1 (1991): 2353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloch, Alexander. “People and the Book: On the Love, Care and Use of Books among the Jews.” In Hebrew Printing and Bibliography, ed. Charles Berlin, 158–98. New York: Ktav, 1976.Google Scholar
Bonfil, Robert. Jewish Life in Renaissance Italy. Berkley: University of California Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Borenstein, Solomon. “Teaching Torah to Non-Jews.Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society 26 (1993): 5876.Google Scholar
Burnett, Stephen G. “Jüdische Vermittler des Hebräischen und ihre christlischen Schüler im Spätmittelalter.” In Wechselseitige Wahrnehmung der Religionen im Spätmittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit, ed. Ludger Grenzmann, Thomas Haye, Nikolaus Henkel, and Thomas Kaufmann, 1:173–88. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009.Google Scholar
Burnett, Stephen G. Christian Hebraism in the Reformation Era: Authors, Books, and the Transmission of Jewish Learning. Leiden: Brill, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Busi, Giulio, ed. The Great Parchment: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2004.Google Scholar
Busi, Giulio. “‘Who Does Not Wonder at This Chameleon?’ Kabbalistic Library of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola.” In Hebrew to Latin, Latin to Hebrew: The Mirroring of Two Cultures in the Age of Humanism, ed. Giulio Busi, 167–96. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2006.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “Die Geburt der Judaistik aus dem Geist der christlichen Kabbalah.” In Gottes Sprache in der philologischen Werkstatt: Hebraistik vom 15. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert, ed. Gerold Necker and Giuseppe Veltri, 135241. Leiden: Brill, 2004.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio, ed. The Book of Bahir: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2005.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “Problemi metodologici e testuali nell’edizione del Sefer ha-Bahir.” Materia Giudaica. Rivista dell’associazione italiana per lo studio del giudaismo 12.1–2 (2007): 2143.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “The Quest for the Holiest Alphabet in the Renaissance.” In A Universal Art: Hebrew Grammar across Disciplines and Faiths, ed. Judith Olszowy-Schlanger, Nadia Vidro, and Irene E. Zwiep, 196245. Leiden: Brill, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carmilly-Weinberger, Moshe. “אהבת הספר בספר חסידים ובפילוביבלון” (Love for the book in Sefer Hasidim and Philobiblon). Sinai 56 (1975): 159–75.Google Scholar
Cassuto, Umberto. Gli ebrei a Firenze nell’età del rinascimento. Florence: Balletti e Cocci, 1918.Google Scholar
Cassuto, Umberto. I manoscritti Palatine ebraici della Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana e la loro storia. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1935.Google Scholar
Cesis, F. Calori. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola detto la fenice degli ingegni. Mirandola: Gaetano Cagarelli, 1897.Google Scholar
Corazzol, Giacomo, and Michela Andreatta, ed. Menahem Recanati’s Commentary on the Daily Prayers: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2008.Google Scholar
Derolez, Albert. “Pourquoi les copistes signaient-ils leurs manuscrits?” In Scribi e colofoni: Le sottoscrizioni di copisti dalle origini all’avvento della stampa, ed. Emman Condello and Giuseppe De Gregorio, 3756. Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo, 1995.Google Scholar
Foot, Mirjam M. The Henry Davis Gift: A Collection of Bookbindings. 3 vols. London: British Library, 1979.Google Scholar
Freimann, Aharon. “Daniel Bombergs Bücher-Verzeichnis.Zeitschrift für hebräische Bibliographie 10 (1906): 3842.Google Scholar
Freimann, Jacob, and Jehudah Wistinetzki, ed. ספר חסידים (Jehudah ha-Hasid. Book of the pious). Frankfurt: Sifrei Wahrman, 1924.Google Scholar
Freudenberger, Theobald. “Die Bibliothek des Kardinals Domenico Grimani.Historisches Jahrbuch 56 (1936): 1545.Google Scholar
Frojmovic, Eva. “Jewish Scribes and Christian Illuminators: Interstitial Encounters and Cultural Negotiation.” In Between Judaism and Christianity: Art Historical Essays in Honor of Elisheva (Elisabeth) Revel-Neher, ed. Katrin Kogman-Appel and Mati Meyer, 281306. Leiden: Brill, 2008.Google Scholar
Garin, Eugenio, ed. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola:“De hominis dignitate,” “Heptaplus,” “De ente et uno, e scritti vari.” Florence: Vallecchi, 1942.Google Scholar
Gessner, Konrad. Pandectarum sive Partitionum Universalium. Zurich, 1548.Google Scholar
Ginsburg, Christian D., ed. and trans. The Massoreth ha-Massoreth of Elias Levita. London: Longmans, 1867.Google Scholar
Grafton, Anthony. “The Humanist as Reader.” In A History of Reading in the West, ed. Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, 179212. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Häberlein, Mark. Die Fugger: Geschichte einer Augsburger Familie (1367–1650). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2006.Google Scholar
Haberman, Abraham M. המדפיס קורנילייו אדיל קינד ובנו דניאל ורשימת ספרי בית דפוסו (The printer Cornelius Adelkind and his son Daniel, and the list of the books printed by his press). Jerusalem: Reuben Mas, 1980.Google Scholar
Hajdú, Kerstin, ed. Katalog der griechischen Handschriften der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München. 10 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2003.Google Scholar
Hartig, Otto. Die Gründung der Münchener Hofbibliothek durch Albrecht V. und Johann Jakob Fugger. Munich: Königlich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1917.Google Scholar
Hayoun, Maurice R.Le commentaire de Moise de Narbonne (1300–1362) sur le Hayy ibn Yaqzân d’Ibn Tufayl.Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age 55 (1988): 2398.Google Scholar
Heide, Albert van der. Hebrew Manuscripts of Leiden University Library. Leiden: Universitaire pers Leiden, 1977.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J. Printing the Talmud: A History of the Earliest Printed Editions of the Talmud. Brooklyn: Im Hasefer, 1992.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J.. Studies in the Making of the Early Hebrew Book. Leiden: Brill, 2008.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J.. Further Studies in the Making of the Early Hebrew Book. Leiden: Brill, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellinga, Lotte. “Manuscripts in the Hands of Printers.” In Manuscripts in the Fifty Years after the Invention of Printing: Some Papers Read at a Colloquium at the Warburg Institute, ed. Joseph B. Trapp, 3–11. London: Warburg Institute, 1983.Google Scholar
Hobson, Anthony. Renaissance Book Collecting: Jean Grolier and Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Their Books and Bindings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “’סדר-הלימוד‘ של ר’ יוחנן אלימנו” (The study program of R. Yoḥanan Alemanno). Tarbits 48.3–4 (1979): 303–31.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “אג’ידאו דה ויטרבו וכתביו של ר’ אברהם אבולעפיה” (Egidio da Viterbo and Abraham Abulafia’s works). Italia 2 (1980): 4850.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “The Magical and Neoplatonic Interpretations of the Kabbalah in the Renaissance.” In Essential Papers on Jewish Culture in Renaissance and Baroque Italy, ed. David B. Ruderman, 107–69. New York: New York University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. Kabbalah in Italy, 1280–1510: A Survey. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “Printing Kabbalah in Sixteenth-Century Italy.” In Jewish Culture in Early Modern Europe: Essays in Honor of David B. Ruderman, ed. Richard I. Cohen, Natalie B. Dohrmann, Adam Shear, and Elchanan Reiner, 8596. Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufmann, David. “Elia Menachem Chalfan on Jews Teaching Hebrew to Non-Jews.” Jewish Quarterly Review 9.3 (1897): 500–08.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kibre, Pearl. The Library of Pico della Mirandola. New York: Columbia University Press, 1936.Google Scholar
Kieszkowski, Bohdan. “Les rapports entre Elie del Medigo et Pic de la Mirandola.Il Rinascimento 15 (1964): 4191.Google Scholar
Leber, Barbara. “A Jewish Convert in Counter-Reformation Rome: Giovanni Paolo Eustachio.PhD diss., University of Maryland, 2000.Google Scholar
Lehmann, Paul. Eine Geschichte der alten Fuggerbibliotheken. 2 vols. Tubingen: Mohr, 1956.Google Scholar
Llamas, José. “Los manuscritos hebreos de El Escorial.Sefarad 1 (1941): 743; 3 (1943): 41–63; 7 (1947): 279311.Google Scholar
Lowry, Martin J. “Two Great Venetian Libraries in the Age of Aldus Manutius.” Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 57.1 (1974): 128–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, Isaac H.The Prohibition of Teaching the Non-Jews Torah: Its Historical Development.Gesher 8 (1981): 122–73.Google Scholar
Manuscrits hébreux et arabes: Mélanges en l’honneur de Colette Sirat. Ed. Nicholas De Lange and Judith Olszowy-Schlanger. Turnhout: Brepols, 2014.Google Scholar
Mittler, Elmar, ed. Bibliotheca Palatina. Katalog zur Ausstellung vom 8. Juli bis 2. November 1986 Heiliggeistkirche Heidelberg. 2 vols. Heidelberg: Edition Braus, 1986.Google Scholar
Mondrain, Brigitte. “Copistes et Collectionneurs de manuscrits grecs au milieu du XVIe siècle: Le cas de Johann Jakob Fugger d’Augsbourg.” Byzantinische Zeitschrift 84–85 (1991–92): 354–85.Google Scholar
Neubauer, Adolf. Catalogue of the Hebrew Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library and in the College Libraries of Oxford. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1886.Google Scholar
Newman, Zelda. “Elye Levita: A Man and His Book on the Cusp of Modernity.” Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 24.4 (2006): 90–109.Google Scholar
Nielsen, Bruce. “Daniel van Bombergen, a Bookman of Two Worlds.” In The Hebrew Book in Early Modern Italy, ed. Joseph R. Hacker and Adam Shear, 5675. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Novak, B. C.Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Jochanan Alemanno.Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 45 (1982): 125–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pasternak, Nurit. “Together and Apart: Hebrew Manuscripts as Testimonies to Encounters of Jews and Christians in Fifteenth-Century Florence. The Makings, the Clients, Censorship” (in Hebrew). PhD diss., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2009.Google Scholar
Pasternak, Nurit. “Who Were the Hebrew Scribes in Renaissance Italy?” In Manuscrits hébreux et arabes (2014), 2937.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perles, Joseph. Beiträge zur Geschichte der hebräischen und aramäischen Studien. Munich: Ackermann, 1884.Google Scholar
Reiner, Elhanan. “The Ashkenazic Elite at the Beginning of the Modern Era: Manuscript versus Printed Text.Polin 10 (1997): 8598.Google Scholar
Richler, Benjamin, ed. Hebrew Manuscripts in the Vatican Library: Catalogue. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 2008.Google Scholar
Ross, Jacob, ed. ספר בחינת הדת (Elijah del Medigo, Book of investigation of religion). Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
Ruderman, David B., and Giuseppe Veltri, ed. Cultural Intermediaries: Jewish Intellectuals in Early Modern Italy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Scholem, Gershom. Das Buch Bahir. Leipzig: W. Drugulin, 1923.Google Scholar
Scholem, Gershom. “Beginnings of the Christian Kabbalah.” In The Christian Kabbalah: Jewish Mystical Books and Their Christian Interpreters, ed. Joseph Dan, 1751. Cambridge, MA: Harvard College Library, 1997.Google Scholar
Schunke, Ilse. “‘Antonius Lodoigus Flander ligavit Venetiis’ weiteres über Anton Ludwig.” Fund og Forskning 5–6 (1958): 193207.Google Scholar
Schunke, Ilse. “Venezianische Renaissanceeinbände.” Studi di bibliografia e di storia in onore di Tammaro de Marinis, ed. Romeo De Maio, 123200. Verona: Stamperia Valdonega, 1964.Google Scholar
Secret, François. Postelliana (Bibliotheca humanistica et reformatorica). Nieuwkoop: De Graaf, 1981.Google Scholar
Shabib, Yehuda. “מכירת והחלפת ספרי קודש” (Sale and exchange of the holy scriptures). Sinai 112 (1993): 175–81.Google Scholar
Shulvass, Moses. “Ashkenazic Jewry in Italy.Annual of Jewish Social Science 7 (1952): 110–31.Google Scholar
Simonsohn, Shlomo. The Jews in the Duchy of Milan. 4 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1982.Google Scholar
Sirat, Colette. “La tradition manuscrite des Guerres du Seigneur.” In Gersonide en son temps, ed. Gilbert Dahan, 301–28. Louvain: Peeters, 1991.Google Scholar
Sirat, Colette. Hebrew Manuscripts of the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. “Hebräische Handschriften.Sitzungsberichten der philosophisch-philologischen Klasse der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in München 8 (1875): 169206.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. Die hebräische Übersetzungen des Mittelalters und die Juden als Dolmetscher. Berlin: Kommissionverlag, 1893.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. Die Hebräischen Handschriften der K.Hof-und Staatsbibliothek in München. Munich: Palm, 1895.Google Scholar
Striedl, Hans. “Geschichte der Hebraica-Sammlung der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek.” In Orientalisches aus Münchener bibliotheken und Sammlungen, ed. Herbert Franke, 1–37. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1957.Google Scholar
Suckale, Robert. “Über den Anteil christlicher Maler an der Ausmalung hebräischer Handschriften der Gotik in Bayern.” In Geschichte und Kultur der Juden in Bayern, ed. Josef Kirmeier and Manfred Treml, 123–34. Munich: K. G. Saur, 1988.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “Codici ebraici Pico Grimani nella Biblioteca arcivescovile di Udine.Annali di Ca’ Foscari 10 (1971): 125.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “I libri ebraici del cardinal Domenico Grimani.” Annali di Ca’ Foscari 24.3 (1995): 5–52.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “I libri ebraici di Pico della Mirandola.” In Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: Convegno internazionale di studi nel cinquecentesimo anniversario della morte (1494–1994), Mirandola, 4–8 ottobre 1994, ed. Gian C. Garfagnini, 2:491530. Florence: Olschki, 1997.Google Scholar
Tishbi, Isaiah. “הפולמוס על ספר הזוהר במאה השש-עשרה באיטליה” (The polemics on the book of Zohar in the sixteenth century in Italy). P’raqim 1 (1967–68): 131–82.Google Scholar
Wirszubski, Chaim. Pico della Mirandola’s Encounter with Jewish Mysticism. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zunz, Leopold. Nachtrag zur Literaturgeschichte der synagogalen Poesie. Berlin: A. Cohn Verlag und Antiquariat, 1867.Google Scholar
Archivio di Stato, Modena, Archivi per materia, busta 5: letterati. Antonio Pizzamano’s register of Domenico Grimani’s library. 1498.Google Scholar
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich (BSB), Chm 5:1–2. Biblical commentaries. Würzburg, 1232/33.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 7, 8–11, 17–19, 22, 24–28, 30–33, 35, 39–49, 51–53, 55–59, 63–66, 68, 73. Miscellanies on Kabbalah, philosophy, medicine, grammar, and biblical commentaries, produced in Venice in 1548–52 for Johann Jakob Fugger. In addition, BSB, Chm 12, 15, 20, 23, 29, 34, 50, 54, 60–62 (not mentioned in the essay) belonged to the Fugger group.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 79. Works of Zeraḥia ben Isaac ben Shealtiel. Italy, 1314.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 80. Albucasis, Sefer ha-Shimush. Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 81. Eleazar of Worms, Sodei Razayya. 1555.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 103. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Rome, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 112. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Gradoli, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 115. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Gradoli, 1538.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 121. Moses Narboni, Commentary to Al-Ghazali’s Kavanot ha-Filosofim. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 209. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Spain, 1298.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 217–19. Zohar. 1536.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 223. Moses Kimḥi, Commentary to the Proverbs. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 266. Theodoric Borgognoni, Refu’ah (Surgery). Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 267. Anonymous commentary to the Pentateuch Meshekh Ḥokhmah (The duration of wisdom). Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 268. Yeḥiel ben Yekutiel, Ma‘alot ha-Middot (The gradation of virtues). Italy, 1343.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 278. Levi ben Gershom, Supercommentary to Averroes’s middle commentary to Aristotle’s Physics. Italy, 1468.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 341. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 357. Miscellany on philosophy. Fifteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Chm 402. Works of Shem Tov ibn Falaquera. Fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BSB, Clm 23736. Letters of Andreas Masius. 1538–72.Google Scholar
BSB, 4 A. hebr. 362g. Moses ben Naḥman, Sha‘ar ha-Gemul. Constantinople, 1519.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan, F 25 Sup., fols. 1r–211r. Judah Messer Leon, Nofet Tsufim. Ferrara, 1474.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City (BAV), ebr. 69. Eleazar ben Moses Ha-Darshan, Commentary to the Pentateuch based on gematriot. Rome, 1568.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 70. Anonymous commentary to Genesis; Moses ben Isaac Ḥalayo, Commentary to the canticles. Rome, 1556.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 81, fols. 215–244r. Aggadic compilation (Yalkut Shimoni) on Psalms. Rome, 1598.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 85. Immanuel ben Solomon of Rome, Commentary to the canticles. Rome, 1592.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 93. Alkorsono, Judah ben Joseph, ’Aron ha-‘Edut (The ark of the covenant). Rome, 1596.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 190. Flavius Mithridates, Latin translations of kabbalistic works. Ca. 1486.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 191. BAV, ebr. 190. Flavius Mithridates, Latin translations of kabbalistic works. Ca. 1486.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 272. Notes on biblical passages and other matters. Italy, 1566.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 340. Miscellany. Rome, 1595–99.Google Scholar
BAV, ebr. 408. Sefer Josippon. Fano, 1443.Google Scholar
BAV, lat. 3436, fols. 263r–296v. Register of Pico della Mirandola’s Hebraica. Sixteenth century.Google Scholar
Biblioteca de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, G I 7; G IV 15; G IV 16. Respectively, Abraham ben Haim Ramokh, Commentary to the Psalms (Rome, 1576); Miscellany on Kabbalah (Rome, 1584); Moses ben Isaac Ḥalayo, Commentary to the canticles (Rome, sixteenth century).Google Scholar
Biblioteca Marciana, Venice, MS latini cl. XIV, 182 (4669). Index of Domenico Grimani’s library. Ca. 1520.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Palatina, Parma (BP), Cod. Parm. 2285. Miscellany on Hebrew grammar. 1428.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2304. Miscellany on Hebrew grammar. Italy, fourteenth century.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2588. Shmuel of Ulm, Sefer ha-Minhagim. Venice, sixteenth century.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 2651. Works of Judah Messer Leon. Salonika, 1560.Google Scholar
BP, Cod. Parm. 3487. Works of Abraham ibn Ezra. Italy, 1557–59.Google Scholar
Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, MS lat. 6508, fols. 71r–76v. Elijah del Medigo’s letter to Pico della Mirandola. Late fifteenth century.Google Scholar
Bodleian Library, Oxford (Bodl.), MS Opp. 576. Miscellany on Kabbalah. Venice, 1547.Google Scholar
Bodl., MS Opp. 587. Al-Ghazali, Kavanot ha-Filosofim; Simḥa ben Samuel of Speyer, Tikkun Shetarot (The correction of bills). Segovia, 1478.Google Scholar
Bodl., MS Reggio 23. Alemanno, Yoḥanan, Excerpts on Kabbalah and philosophy. Mantua and Florence, 1478–1504.Google Scholar
British Library, London, Add. 27199. Eleazar of Worms, Sodei Razayya. Italy, 1515.Google Scholar
Jewish Theological Seminary, New York, Rab. 974. Massoret ha-Talmud. Italy, 1553.Google Scholar
National Library of Israel, Jerusalem, MS Heb. 8°5842. Calendric notes. Prague, 1554.Google Scholar
Rav Kook Institute, Jerusalem, MS 61. Miscellany on Lurianic Kabbalah. Italy, sixteenth century.Google Scholar
Universitätsbibliothek, Basel, A IX 99, fols. 19r–98v. Guillaume Postel, translation of Sefer ha-Bahir. 1549.Google Scholar
Universiteitsbibliotheek, Leiden (UB Leiden), Cod. Or. 4728. Abulcasis, Sefer ha-Shimush. Italy, fifteenth century.Google Scholar
UB Leiden, Cod. Or. 4731. Miscellany on astrology and astronomy. Italy, fifteenth century.Google Scholar
Abate, Emma. “Filologia e Qabbalah: La collezione ebraica di Egidio da Viterbo alla biblioteca Angelica di Roma.Archivio italiano per la storia della pietà 26 (2014): 409–46.Google Scholar
Abrams, Daniel, ed. The Book Bahir: An Edition Based on the Earliest Manuscripts (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Cherub Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Abrams, Daniel. Kabbalistic Manuscripts and Textual Theory: Methodologies of Textual Scholarship and Editorial Practice in the Study of Jewish Mysticism. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Ambrogio, Teseo. Introductio in Chaldaicam Linguam, Syriacam, atque Armenicam et Decem Alias Linguas. Pavia, 1539.Google Scholar
Amram, David W. The Makers of Hebrew Books in Italy. Philadelphia: Greenstone, 1909.Google Scholar
Asaf, Simha. “עם הספר‘ והספר’” (“The People of the Book” and the book). In Be-Ohalei Yaakov: Chapters from the Jewish Culture in the Middle Ages, 1–26. Jerusalem: Mosad ha-Rav Kuk, 1943.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi. The Makings of the Medieval Hebrew Book: Studies in Palaeography and Codicology. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi, and Benjamin Richler, ed. Catalogue of Hebrew Manuscripts in the Biblioteca Palatina in Parma. Jerusalem: Jewish National and University Library, 2001.Google Scholar
Beit-Arié, Malachi. “The Individualistic Nature of the Hebrew Medieval Book Production and Consumption.” In Manuscrits hébreux et arabes (2014), 1728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benayahu, Meir. “רבי עזרא מפנו חכם מקובל ומנהיג” (Rabbi Ezra of Fano, the Kabbalist and the leader). In Collection of Essays in Honor of Yosef Dov ha-Levi Soloveychik, ed. Isaac Raphael, 2:786855. Jerusalem: Mosad ha-Rav Kuk, 1984.Google Scholar
Bland, Kalman P.Elijah del Medigo’s Averroistic Response to the Kabbalahs of the Fifteenth-Century Jewry and Pico della Mirandola.Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy 1 (1991): 2353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloch, Alexander. “People and the Book: On the Love, Care and Use of Books among the Jews.” In Hebrew Printing and Bibliography, ed. Charles Berlin, 158–98. New York: Ktav, 1976.Google Scholar
Bonfil, Robert. Jewish Life in Renaissance Italy. Berkley: University of California Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Borenstein, Solomon. “Teaching Torah to Non-Jews.Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society 26 (1993): 5876.Google Scholar
Burnett, Stephen G. “Jüdische Vermittler des Hebräischen und ihre christlischen Schüler im Spätmittelalter.” In Wechselseitige Wahrnehmung der Religionen im Spätmittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit, ed. Ludger Grenzmann, Thomas Haye, Nikolaus Henkel, and Thomas Kaufmann, 1:173–88. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009.Google Scholar
Burnett, Stephen G. Christian Hebraism in the Reformation Era: Authors, Books, and the Transmission of Jewish Learning. Leiden: Brill, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Busi, Giulio, ed. The Great Parchment: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2004.Google Scholar
Busi, Giulio. “‘Who Does Not Wonder at This Chameleon?’ Kabbalistic Library of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola.” In Hebrew to Latin, Latin to Hebrew: The Mirroring of Two Cultures in the Age of Humanism, ed. Giulio Busi, 167–96. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2006.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “Die Geburt der Judaistik aus dem Geist der christlichen Kabbalah.” In Gottes Sprache in der philologischen Werkstatt: Hebraistik vom 15. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert, ed. Gerold Necker and Giuseppe Veltri, 135241. Leiden: Brill, 2004.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio, ed. The Book of Bahir: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2005.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “Problemi metodologici e testuali nell’edizione del Sefer ha-Bahir.” Materia Giudaica. Rivista dell’associazione italiana per lo studio del giudaismo 12.1–2 (2007): 2143.Google Scholar
Campanini, Saverio. “The Quest for the Holiest Alphabet in the Renaissance.” In A Universal Art: Hebrew Grammar across Disciplines and Faiths, ed. Judith Olszowy-Schlanger, Nadia Vidro, and Irene E. Zwiep, 196245. Leiden: Brill, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carmilly-Weinberger, Moshe. “אהבת הספר בספר חסידים ובפילוביבלון” (Love for the book in Sefer Hasidim and Philobiblon). Sinai 56 (1975): 159–75.Google Scholar
Cassuto, Umberto. Gli ebrei a Firenze nell’età del rinascimento. Florence: Balletti e Cocci, 1918.Google Scholar
Cassuto, Umberto. I manoscritti Palatine ebraici della Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana e la loro storia. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1935.Google Scholar
Cesis, F. Calori. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola detto la fenice degli ingegni. Mirandola: Gaetano Cagarelli, 1897.Google Scholar
Corazzol, Giacomo, and Michela Andreatta, ed. Menahem Recanati’s Commentary on the Daily Prayers: Flavius Mithridates’ Latin Translation, the Hebrew Text, and an English Version. Turin: Nino Aragno, 2008.Google Scholar
Derolez, Albert. “Pourquoi les copistes signaient-ils leurs manuscrits?” In Scribi e colofoni: Le sottoscrizioni di copisti dalle origini all’avvento della stampa, ed. Emman Condello and Giuseppe De Gregorio, 3756. Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo, 1995.Google Scholar
Foot, Mirjam M. The Henry Davis Gift: A Collection of Bookbindings. 3 vols. London: British Library, 1979.Google Scholar
Freimann, Aharon. “Daniel Bombergs Bücher-Verzeichnis.Zeitschrift für hebräische Bibliographie 10 (1906): 3842.Google Scholar
Freimann, Jacob, and Jehudah Wistinetzki, ed. ספר חסידים (Jehudah ha-Hasid. Book of the pious). Frankfurt: Sifrei Wahrman, 1924.Google Scholar
Freudenberger, Theobald. “Die Bibliothek des Kardinals Domenico Grimani.Historisches Jahrbuch 56 (1936): 1545.Google Scholar
Frojmovic, Eva. “Jewish Scribes and Christian Illuminators: Interstitial Encounters and Cultural Negotiation.” In Between Judaism and Christianity: Art Historical Essays in Honor of Elisheva (Elisabeth) Revel-Neher, ed. Katrin Kogman-Appel and Mati Meyer, 281306. Leiden: Brill, 2008.Google Scholar
Garin, Eugenio, ed. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola:“De hominis dignitate,” “Heptaplus,” “De ente et uno, e scritti vari.” Florence: Vallecchi, 1942.Google Scholar
Gessner, Konrad. Pandectarum sive Partitionum Universalium. Zurich, 1548.Google Scholar
Ginsburg, Christian D., ed. and trans. The Massoreth ha-Massoreth of Elias Levita. London: Longmans, 1867.Google Scholar
Grafton, Anthony. “The Humanist as Reader.” In A History of Reading in the West, ed. Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, 179212. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Häberlein, Mark. Die Fugger: Geschichte einer Augsburger Familie (1367–1650). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2006.Google Scholar
Haberman, Abraham M. המדפיס קורנילייו אדיל קינד ובנו דניאל ורשימת ספרי בית דפוסו (The printer Cornelius Adelkind and his son Daniel, and the list of the books printed by his press). Jerusalem: Reuben Mas, 1980.Google Scholar
Hajdú, Kerstin, ed. Katalog der griechischen Handschriften der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München. 10 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2003.Google Scholar
Hartig, Otto. Die Gründung der Münchener Hofbibliothek durch Albrecht V. und Johann Jakob Fugger. Munich: Königlich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1917.Google Scholar
Hayoun, Maurice R.Le commentaire de Moise de Narbonne (1300–1362) sur le Hayy ibn Yaqzân d’Ibn Tufayl.Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age 55 (1988): 2398.Google Scholar
Heide, Albert van der. Hebrew Manuscripts of Leiden University Library. Leiden: Universitaire pers Leiden, 1977.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J. Printing the Talmud: A History of the Earliest Printed Editions of the Talmud. Brooklyn: Im Hasefer, 1992.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J.. Studies in the Making of the Early Hebrew Book. Leiden: Brill, 2008.Google Scholar
Heller, Marvin J.. Further Studies in the Making of the Early Hebrew Book. Leiden: Brill, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellinga, Lotte. “Manuscripts in the Hands of Printers.” In Manuscripts in the Fifty Years after the Invention of Printing: Some Papers Read at a Colloquium at the Warburg Institute, ed. Joseph B. Trapp, 3–11. London: Warburg Institute, 1983.Google Scholar
Hobson, Anthony. Renaissance Book Collecting: Jean Grolier and Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Their Books and Bindings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “’סדר-הלימוד‘ של ר’ יוחנן אלימנו” (The study program of R. Yoḥanan Alemanno). Tarbits 48.3–4 (1979): 303–31.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “אג’ידאו דה ויטרבו וכתביו של ר’ אברהם אבולעפיה” (Egidio da Viterbo and Abraham Abulafia’s works). Italia 2 (1980): 4850.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “The Magical and Neoplatonic Interpretations of the Kabbalah in the Renaissance.” In Essential Papers on Jewish Culture in Renaissance and Baroque Italy, ed. David B. Ruderman, 107–69. New York: New York University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Idel, Moshe. Kabbalah in Italy, 1280–1510: A Survey. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Idel, Moshe. “Printing Kabbalah in Sixteenth-Century Italy.” In Jewish Culture in Early Modern Europe: Essays in Honor of David B. Ruderman, ed. Richard I. Cohen, Natalie B. Dohrmann, Adam Shear, and Elchanan Reiner, 8596. Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaufmann, David. “Elia Menachem Chalfan on Jews Teaching Hebrew to Non-Jews.” Jewish Quarterly Review 9.3 (1897): 500–08.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kibre, Pearl. The Library of Pico della Mirandola. New York: Columbia University Press, 1936.Google Scholar
Kieszkowski, Bohdan. “Les rapports entre Elie del Medigo et Pic de la Mirandola.Il Rinascimento 15 (1964): 4191.Google Scholar
Leber, Barbara. “A Jewish Convert in Counter-Reformation Rome: Giovanni Paolo Eustachio.PhD diss., University of Maryland, 2000.Google Scholar
Lehmann, Paul. Eine Geschichte der alten Fuggerbibliotheken. 2 vols. Tubingen: Mohr, 1956.Google Scholar
Llamas, José. “Los manuscritos hebreos de El Escorial.Sefarad 1 (1941): 743; 3 (1943): 41–63; 7 (1947): 279311.Google Scholar
Lowry, Martin J. “Two Great Venetian Libraries in the Age of Aldus Manutius.” Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 57.1 (1974): 128–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, Isaac H.The Prohibition of Teaching the Non-Jews Torah: Its Historical Development.Gesher 8 (1981): 122–73.Google Scholar
Manuscrits hébreux et arabes: Mélanges en l’honneur de Colette Sirat. Ed. Nicholas De Lange and Judith Olszowy-Schlanger. Turnhout: Brepols, 2014.Google Scholar
Mittler, Elmar, ed. Bibliotheca Palatina. Katalog zur Ausstellung vom 8. Juli bis 2. November 1986 Heiliggeistkirche Heidelberg. 2 vols. Heidelberg: Edition Braus, 1986.Google Scholar
Mondrain, Brigitte. “Copistes et Collectionneurs de manuscrits grecs au milieu du XVIe siècle: Le cas de Johann Jakob Fugger d’Augsbourg.” Byzantinische Zeitschrift 84–85 (1991–92): 354–85.Google Scholar
Neubauer, Adolf. Catalogue of the Hebrew Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library and in the College Libraries of Oxford. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1886.Google Scholar
Newman, Zelda. “Elye Levita: A Man and His Book on the Cusp of Modernity.” Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 24.4 (2006): 90–109.Google Scholar
Nielsen, Bruce. “Daniel van Bombergen, a Bookman of Two Worlds.” In The Hebrew Book in Early Modern Italy, ed. Joseph R. Hacker and Adam Shear, 5675. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Novak, B. C.Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Jochanan Alemanno.Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 45 (1982): 125–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pasternak, Nurit. “Together and Apart: Hebrew Manuscripts as Testimonies to Encounters of Jews and Christians in Fifteenth-Century Florence. The Makings, the Clients, Censorship” (in Hebrew). PhD diss., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2009.Google Scholar
Pasternak, Nurit. “Who Were the Hebrew Scribes in Renaissance Italy?” In Manuscrits hébreux et arabes (2014), 2937.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perles, Joseph. Beiträge zur Geschichte der hebräischen und aramäischen Studien. Munich: Ackermann, 1884.Google Scholar
Reiner, Elhanan. “The Ashkenazic Elite at the Beginning of the Modern Era: Manuscript versus Printed Text.Polin 10 (1997): 8598.Google Scholar
Richler, Benjamin, ed. Hebrew Manuscripts in the Vatican Library: Catalogue. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 2008.Google Scholar
Ross, Jacob, ed. ספר בחינת הדת (Elijah del Medigo, Book of investigation of religion). Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press, 1984.Google Scholar
Ruderman, David B., and Giuseppe Veltri, ed. Cultural Intermediaries: Jewish Intellectuals in Early Modern Italy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Scholem, Gershom. Das Buch Bahir. Leipzig: W. Drugulin, 1923.Google Scholar
Scholem, Gershom. “Beginnings of the Christian Kabbalah.” In The Christian Kabbalah: Jewish Mystical Books and Their Christian Interpreters, ed. Joseph Dan, 1751. Cambridge, MA: Harvard College Library, 1997.Google Scholar
Schunke, Ilse. “‘Antonius Lodoigus Flander ligavit Venetiis’ weiteres über Anton Ludwig.” Fund og Forskning 5–6 (1958): 193207.Google Scholar
Schunke, Ilse. “Venezianische Renaissanceeinbände.” Studi di bibliografia e di storia in onore di Tammaro de Marinis, ed. Romeo De Maio, 123200. Verona: Stamperia Valdonega, 1964.Google Scholar
Secret, François. Postelliana (Bibliotheca humanistica et reformatorica). Nieuwkoop: De Graaf, 1981.Google Scholar
Shabib, Yehuda. “מכירת והחלפת ספרי קודש” (Sale and exchange of the holy scriptures). Sinai 112 (1993): 175–81.Google Scholar
Shulvass, Moses. “Ashkenazic Jewry in Italy.Annual of Jewish Social Science 7 (1952): 110–31.Google Scholar
Simonsohn, Shlomo. The Jews in the Duchy of Milan. 4 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1982.Google Scholar
Sirat, Colette. “La tradition manuscrite des Guerres du Seigneur.” In Gersonide en son temps, ed. Gilbert Dahan, 301–28. Louvain: Peeters, 1991.Google Scholar
Sirat, Colette. Hebrew Manuscripts of the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. “Hebräische Handschriften.Sitzungsberichten der philosophisch-philologischen Klasse der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in München 8 (1875): 169206.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. Die hebräische Übersetzungen des Mittelalters und die Juden als Dolmetscher. Berlin: Kommissionverlag, 1893.Google Scholar
Steinschneider, Moritz. Die Hebräischen Handschriften der K.Hof-und Staatsbibliothek in München. Munich: Palm, 1895.Google Scholar
Striedl, Hans. “Geschichte der Hebraica-Sammlung der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek.” In Orientalisches aus Münchener bibliotheken und Sammlungen, ed. Herbert Franke, 1–37. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1957.Google Scholar
Suckale, Robert. “Über den Anteil christlicher Maler an der Ausmalung hebräischer Handschriften der Gotik in Bayern.” In Geschichte und Kultur der Juden in Bayern, ed. Josef Kirmeier and Manfred Treml, 123–34. Munich: K. G. Saur, 1988.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “Codici ebraici Pico Grimani nella Biblioteca arcivescovile di Udine.Annali di Ca’ Foscari 10 (1971): 125.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “I libri ebraici del cardinal Domenico Grimani.” Annali di Ca’ Foscari 24.3 (1995): 5–52.Google Scholar
Tamani, Giuliano. “I libri ebraici di Pico della Mirandola.” In Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: Convegno internazionale di studi nel cinquecentesimo anniversario della morte (1494–1994), Mirandola, 4–8 ottobre 1994, ed. Gian C. Garfagnini, 2:491530. Florence: Olschki, 1997.Google Scholar
Tishbi, Isaiah. “הפולמוס על ספר הזוהר במאה השש-עשרה באיטליה” (The polemics on the book of Zohar in the sixteenth century in Italy). P’raqim 1 (1967–68): 131–82.Google Scholar
Wirszubski, Chaim. Pico della Mirandola’s Encounter with Jewish Mysticism. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zunz, Leopold. Nachtrag zur Literaturgeschichte der synagogalen Poesie. Berlin: A. Cohn Verlag und Antiquariat, 1867.Google Scholar