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Amino acid sequence, haem-iron co-ordination geometry and functional properties of mitochondrial and bacterial c-type cytochromes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2009

Hans Senn  and
Kurt Wüthrich
Hans Senn
Affiliation:
Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-80g3 Zürich, Switzerland
Kurt Wüthrich
Affiliation:
Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-80g3 Zürich, Switzerland
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Extract

Cytochromes are found in all biological oxidation Systems which involve transport of reducing equivalents through organized chains of membrane bound intermediates, regardless of the ultimate oxidant (Keilin, 1966; Bartsch, 1978; Meyer & Kamen, 1982). Thus, cytochromes are present not only in the aerobic mitochondrial and bac-terial respiratory chain, but are also found in much more diversified procariotic Systems, including all varieties of facultative anaerobes (nitrate and nitrite reducers), obligate anaerobes (sulphate reducers and phototrophic sulphur bacteria), facultative photoheterotrophes (phototrophic non-sulphur purple bacteria), and the photoautotrophic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Among the different types of cytochromes occurring in the cell, the soluble c-type cytochromes (‘class I’, Meyer & Kamen, 1982) are the most abundant and best characterized group of proteins (Bartsch, 1978; Meyer & Kamen, 1982; Dickerson & Timkovitch, 1975; Lemberg & Barrett, 1973; Salemme, 1977; Ferguson-Miller, Brautigan & Margoliash, 1979). The amino acid sequences of more than 80 mitochrondrial and close to 40 bacterial cytochromes c are known (Meyer & Kamen, 1982; Dickerson & Timkovitch, 1975; Schwartz & Dayhoff, 1976; Dayhoff & Barker, 1978).

Type
Research Article
Information
Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , May 1985 , pp. 111 - 134
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

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