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Weight change in people with depression and the risk of dementia: a nationwide cohort study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2024

Hyewon Kim ,
Jin Hyung Jung ,
Kyungdo Han  and
Hong Jin Jeon Open the ORCID record for Hong Jin Jeon [Opens in a new window]
Hyewon Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
Jin Hyung Jung
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
Kyungdo Han
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
Hong Jin Jeon*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Department of Medical Device Management & Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
*
Corresponding author: Hong Jin Jeon; Email: jeonhj@skku.edu
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Abstract

Background

Depression is a risk factor for dementia and weight change can appear as a symptom of depression. However, the association between weight change after the diagnosis of depression and the risk of dementia is poorly established. This study aimed to investigate the association between weight change before and after a diagnosis of depression with the subsequent risk of dementia.

Methods

The National Health Insurance Sharing Service database was used. 1 308 730 patients aged ⩾40 years diagnosed with depression were identified to be eligible. Weight changes after their depression diagnosis were categorized and subsequent incidence of dementia was followed up.

Results

During an average follow-up period of 5.2 years (s.d., 2.0 years), 69 373 subjects were newly diagnosed with all-cause dementia (56 351 were Alzheimer's disease and 6877 were vascular dementia). Regarding all outcomes, compared to those with a minimal weight change (−5 to 5%), all groups with weight gain or loss showed increased risks of dementia after adjusting potential risk factors for dementia, in all analysis models with a dose–response relationship, showing a U-shaped association.

Conclusions

Weight change as a symptom of depression could be a predictor for the future development of dementia.

Keywords

dementiadepressionobesityweight gainweight loss
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 54 , Issue 7 , May 2024 , pp. 1284 - 1293
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

All authors agreed to this submission.

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