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The validity of diagnostic systems for common mental disorders: a comparison between the ID-CATEGO and the DSM-III systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

David Grayson ,
Keith Bridges ,
Diane Cook  and
David Goldberg
David Grayson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manchester and the NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Canberra, Australia
Keith Bridges
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manchester and the NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Canberra, Australia
Diane Cook
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manchester and the NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Canberra, Australia
David Goldberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Manchester and the NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Canberra, Australia
*
1Address for correspondence: Professor D. Goldberg, University of Manchester, Department of Psychiatry, Withington Hospital West Didsbury, Manchester M20 8LR.
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Synopsis

It is argued that latent trait analysis provides a way of examining the construct validity of diagnostic concepts which are used to categorize common mental illnesses. The present study adds two additional aspects of validity using multiple discriminant analysis applied to two widely used taxonomic systems. Scales of anxiety and depression derived from previous latent trait analyses are applied to individuals reaching criteria for ‘caseness’ on the ID-CATEGO system and the DSM-III system, both at initial diagnosis and six months later. The first multiple discriminant analysis is carried out on the initial scale scores, and the results are interpreted in terms of concurrent validity. The second analysis uses improvement scores on the two scales and relates to predictive validity. It is argued that the ID-CATEGO system provides a better classification for common mental illnesses than the DSM-III system, since it allows a better discrimination to be made between anxiety and depressive disorders.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , February 1990 , pp. 209 - 218
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

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