Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vsgnj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T11:13:40.792Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Recent research activities in WHO's mental health programme*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

N. Sartorius*
Affiliation:
Division of Mental Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr N Sartorius, Director, Division of Mental Health, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.

Extract

The mental health programme of WHO has been formulated through a process of consultation within WHO, with other United Nations bodies, with Governments, with the scientific community and with various non-governmental organizations (Sartorius, 1978; WHO, 1983 a; Lambo & Sartorius, in the press).

Type
Research Report
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Additional references and details of the WHO programme for child psychiatric disorders may be obtained from the author.

References

Arif, A. (1987) Adverse Health Consequences of Cocaine Abuse. World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
Arif, A. & Westermeyer, J. (1988). The role of methadone in the management of opioid dependence: an international analysis. (Submitted for publication.)Google Scholar
Arif, A., Huges, P. H., Khan, I., Khant, U, Klett, C. J, Navaratnam, V. & Shafique, M. (1987). Drug Dependence A Methodology for Evaluating Treatment and Rehabilitation WHO Offset Publication, No. 98. World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
Astrup, C. & Oedegaard, O. (1970). Continued experiments in psychiatric diagnosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 46 180210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Averbuch, E. S., Malnik, E. M., Serebrajakova, Z. N. & Sternberg, E. A. (1968). Diagnostika i klassifikatsiya psihiceskih zubolevanii pozdnego vozrasta [Diagnosis and Classification of Psychiatric Disorders in Old Age]. Leningrad.Google Scholar
Bolis, C. L. (1978 a) WHO neurosciences programme for control of neurological disorders. Trends in Neurosciences 1, 12.Google Scholar
Bolis, C. L. (1978 b). The WHO approach to neurological disorders. Trends in Neurosciences 1, 8.Google Scholar
Brooke, E. M. (ed.) (1974). Suicide and Attempted Suicide. Public Health Paper, 58. WHO: GenevaGoogle Scholar
Bruun, K., Edwards, G, Lumio, M., Mäkelä, K., Pan, L., Popham, R. E., Room, R., Schmidt, W., Skog, O.-J., Sulkunen, P. & Osterberg, E. (1975). Alcohol control policies in public health perspect. The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies (Helsinki) 25, 1106.Google Scholar
Clare, A., Gulbinat, W. & Sartorius, N (1989) A triaxial classification of health problems presenting in primary care: results of a WHO multicentric study. Social Psychiatry (in the press).Google Scholar
Cooper, J. E & Sartorius, N. (1988) Acute psychosis in different cultures (In preparation.)Google Scholar
Cooper, J. E., Copeland, J. R. M., Brown, G. W., Harris, T. & Gourlay, A. J. (1977). Further studies on interviewer training and interrater reliability of the Present State Examination. Psychological Medicine 7, 517523CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coppen, A., Ghose, K., Montgomery, S., Rama Rao, V. A., Bailey, J, Christiansen, J., Mikkleson, P., van Praag, H. M., van de Poel, F. & Jorgensen, A. (1978). Amitriptyline plasma concentration and clinical effect: a World Health Organization Collaborative Study. Lancet i, 6366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cruz, M. E., Tapia, D., Proano, J., Sevila, F., Carrera, L, Barberis, P, Bossano, F, Schoenberg, B. S. & Bolis, C. L. (1984). Prevalencia de desordenes neurologicos en quiroga (prov. Imbabura). Revista Ecuatoriana de Medicina Vol. XX, No. 2, 7791.Google Scholar
Curran, W. J. & Harding, T. W. (1978). The Law and Mental Health: Harmonizing Objectives. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
Day, R., Nielsen, J. A, Ernberg, G., Dube, K. C., Gebhart, J., Jablensky, A., Leon, C., Marsellla, A., Olatawura, M.Sartorius, N, Strömgren, E., Takahashi, R., Wig, N. & Wynne, L. C. (1987). Stressful life events preceding the acute onset of schizophrenia: a cross-national study from the World Health Organization. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 11, 123205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dupont, A, Möller Jensen, O., Strömgren, E. & Jablensky, A. (1986). Incidence of cancer in patients diagnosed as schizophrenic in Denmark. In Psychiatric Case Registers in Public Health (ed. ten Horn, G. H. M. M, Giel, R., Gulbinat, W. H. and Henderson, J. H.), pp 229239. Elsevier: AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Essex, B & Gosling, H. (1982). Programme for Identification and Management of Mental Health Problems. Tropical Health Series. Churchill Livingstone, Longman Group: Essex.Google Scholar
Fillmore, K. M., Grant, M., Hartka, E., Johnstone, B. M., Swayer, S. M., Speiglman, R. & Temple, M. T. (1989). Collaborative longitudinal research on alcohol problems. British Journal of Psychiatry (in the press).Google Scholar
Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies and WHO Regional Office for Europe (1977). International statistics on alcoholic beverages: production, trace and consumption, 1950–1972. The Finnish Foundation for Alcohol Studies, (Helsinki) 27.Google Scholar
Gershon, E. S., Mendlewicz, J., Gastpar, M., Bech, P., Goldin, L. R., Kielholz, P., Raphaelson, O. J., Vartanian, F. & Bunney, W. E. Jr. (1980). A collaborative study on genetic linkage of bipolar manic-depressive illness and red-green colour-blindness. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 61, 319338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gulbinat, W. (1984). Monitoring of mental health needs. Report of a WHO-coordinated study in seven countries. (WHO document MNH/NAT/84.3), World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
Hamburg, D. & Sartorius, N. (1989) Health and Behaviour: Selected Perspectives. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge (in the press)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harding, T. W. (1978). Psychiatry in rural agrarian societies. Psychiatric Annals 8, 7484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harding, T. W., de Arango, M. V., Baltazar, J., Climent, C. E., Ibrahim, H H A., Ladrido-Ignacio, L., Srinivasa Murthy, R., & Wig, N. N. (1980). Mental disorders in primary health care a study of their frequency in four developing countries. Psychological Medicine 10, 231241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hawks, D. V. (1978). Improving community response to alcohol-related problems: an interim report.In Proceedings 24th International Institute on the Prevention and Treatment of Alcoholism. Zurich 1978 (ed. Tongue, E. J.), pp. 2739. ICAA: Lausanne.Google Scholar
Helmchen, H., Kielholz, P., Brooke, E. & Sartorius, N. (1973). Zur Klassifikation neurotishcer und psychosomatischer Störungen. Nervenartz 44, 292299.Google Scholar
Holtzman, W. H., Evans, R. I., Kennedy, S. & Iscoe, I. (1987). Psychology and health: contributions of psychology to the improvement of health and health care. WHO Bulletin 65, 913935. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
Hughes, P. H., Venulet, J., Khant, U, Medina Mora, M. E., Navaratnam, V., Poshyachinda, V., Rootman, I., Salan, R. & Wadud, K. A. (1980). Core Data for Epidemiological Studies of Nonmedical Drug Use. WHO Offset Publication. No. 56. World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
Jablensky, A. (1978). The need for standardization of psychiatric assessment: an epidemiological point of view. Acta psychiatrica belgica 78, 549558.Google ScholarPubMed
Jablensky, A. & Sartorius, N. (in the press). Schizophrenia disorders worldwide.Google Scholar
Jablensky, A., Schwartz, R. & Tomov, T. (1980). WHO collaborative study on impairment and disabilities associated with schizophrenic disorders: a preliminary communication: objectives and methods. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplement 285, 62, 152163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jablensky, A. & Sartorius, N., Gulbinat, W. & Ernberg, G. (1981). Characteristics of depressive patients contacting psychiatric services in four cultures: a report from a WHO collaborative study on the assessment of depressive disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 63, 367383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jablensky, A., Sartorius, N., Hirschfeld, R. & Pardes, H. (1983). Diagnosis and classification of mental disorders and alcohol- and drug-related problems: a research agenda for the 1980s. Psychological Medicine 13, 907921.Google Scholar
Jdänpään-Heikkilä, J., Ghodse, H. & Khan, I. (1987). Psychoactive drugs and health problems: a report of a meeting by the World Health Organization with the collaboration of the Government of Finland, the Government of Thailand and the United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control. The National Board of Health, The Government of Finland.Google Scholar
Khan, I. & Kalix, P. (1984). Khat, a plant with amphetamine-like effects. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 5, 326328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koliaskina, G., Kielholz, P., Bunney, W. G., Rafaelsen, O., Coppen, A., Hippius, H. & Vartanian, F. (1980). Antithymic immune factors in schizophrenia: a World Health Organization collaborative study. Neuropsychobiology 6, 349355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, M., Sartorius, N., Jablensky, A. & Gulbinat, W. (1979). The ICD-9 classification of mental disorder. A review of its development and contents. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 59, 241262.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lambo, T. A. & Sartorius, N. (in the press). Mental health. In Contemporary International Health. Plenum: New York.Google Scholar
Leff, J., Wig, N. N, Ghosh, A., Bedi, H., Menon, D. K., Kuipers, L., Korten, A., Ernberg, G.Day, R., Sartorius, N., & Jablensky, A. (1987). Expressed emotion and schizophrenia in North India. III. Influence of relatives' expressed emotion on the course of schizophrenia in Chandigarh. British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 166173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meursing, K. & Wankiiri, V. (1988). The use of flow charts in mental health by mid-level general health workers. WHO Bulletin 66, No. 4 (in the press).Google Scholar
Montandon, Cleopatre & Harding, T. W. (1984). The reliability of dangerousness assessments: a Decision making exercise. British Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 149155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moser, J. (1980). Prevention of Alcohol Related Problems: An International Review of Preventive Measures, Policies and Programmes. WHO: Geneva, and Drug Addiction Research Foundation: Toronto, Canada.Google Scholar
Perry, C. L. & Grant, M. (1988). Comparing peer-led to teacher-led youth alcohol education in four countries. Alcohol, Health and Research World 12, No. 4. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: US Department of Health and Human Services.Google Scholar
Pickar, D., Bunney, W. E. Jr, Douillet, P., Seti, B. B., Sharma, M., Vartanian, M. E., Lideman, R. R., Hippius, H, Naber, D., Leibl, K., Yamashita, I., Koyama, T., van Praag, H. M., & Verhoeven, W. M. A. (1987). Repeated naloxone administration in schizophrenia: a phase II World Health Organization study. Biological Psychiatry.Google Scholar
Robins, L. N., Wing, J., Wittchen, H. O.Helzer, J E., Babor, T. F., Burke, J., Farmer, A.Jablensky, A., Pickens, R., Regier, D. A., Sartorius, N. & Towle, L. H.Archives of General Psychiatry (in the press).Google Scholar
Rutter, M, Shaffer, D. & Shepherd, M. (1975). A Multi-axial Classification of Child Psychiatric Disorders. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1973). The programme for the World Health Organization on the epidemiology of mental disorders.In Proceedings Vth World Congress of Psychiatry, Mexico, 1971 (ed. de la Fuente, R. and Wiseman, M N.), p. 13. Excerpta medica: Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1975). Epidemiology of depression. WHO Chronicle 29, 423427.Google ScholarPubMed
Sartorius, N. (1976). Classification: an international perspective. Psychiatric Annals 4, 359367Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1978). The new mental health programme of WHO. Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 3, 202206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartorius, N (1979) Research on affective disorders within the framework of the WHO programme. In Aarhus Symposia: Origin, Prevention and Treatment of Affective Disorders (ed. Schou, M. and Strömgren, E.), pp. 207213. Academic Press: London.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1981). WHO-coordinated collaborative studies on the effects of psychopharmacological drugs in different populations. Modern Problems in Pharmacopsychiatry 16, 8394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sartorius, N. (1987). Solving the conundrum of schizophrenia: WHO'S contribution. In Schizophrenia. Recent Biosocial Developments (ed. Cortar, N., Rabavilas, S. and Rabavilas, A. D.), pp. 2338. Human Sciences Press: New York.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. (1988). International perspectives of psychiatric classification, (ed. Sartorius, N., Jablensky, A., Cooper, J. E. and Burke, J. D..) British Journal of Psychiatry 152, Supplement 1. 914.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. & Diekstra, R. (1989). Psychosocial approaches to health: Outline of a long-term research programme undertaken by WHO (in the press).Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. & Gulbinat, W (1983). Recording Health Problems Triaxially. World Health Organization/National Institute of Mental Health: Rockeville.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N. & Harding, T. (1983). Issues in the evaluation of mental health care. In Evaluation of Health Care (ed. Holland, W.), pp. 226242. Oxford Medical Publications: Oxford.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N., Davidian, H., Ernberg, G., Fenton, F. R., Fujii, I., Gastpar, M., Gulbinat, W., Jablensky, A., Kielholz, P., Lehmann, H. E., Naraghi, M., Shimizu, M., Shinfuku, N. & Takahashi, R. (1983). Depressive Disorders in Different Cultures: Report on the WHO Collaborative Study on Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders. World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
Sartorius, N., Jablensky, A., Korten, A., Ernberg, G., Anker, M., Cooper, J. E. & Day, R. (1986 a). Early manifestations and first-contact incidence of schizophrenia in different cultures: a preliminary report on the initial evaluation phase of the WHO Collaborative Study on Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorders. Psychological Medicine 16, 909928.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartorius, N., Jablensky, A., Cooper, J. E. & Burke, J. D. (1988). Psychiatric classification in an international perspective. British Journal of Psychiatry 152, Suppl. 1, 951.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, J. B. & Aasland, O. G. (1987). WHO Collaborative Project on Identification and Treatment of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption. Report on Phase I: Development of a Screening Instrument. (WHO document WHO/MNH/DAT/86.3).Google Scholar
Shepherd, M. & Sartorius, N. (1974). Personality disorder and the International Classification of Diseases. Psychological Medicine 4, 141146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shepherd, M. & Sartorius, N. (1989). Non-specific Aspects of Treatment. Haber: Berne (In the press.)Google Scholar
Shepherd, M., Brooke, E., Cooper, J. E. & Lin, T.-Y. (1968). An experimental approach to psychiatric diagnosis. An international study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 44, Suppl. 201.Google Scholar
Smart, R. G, Hughes, P. H, Johnston, L D., Anumonye, A., Khant, U., Medina-Mora, M. E., Navaratnam, V., Pashyachinda, V., Varma, V. K. & Wadud, K A. (1980) A Methodology for Student Drug-Use Surveys WHO Offset Publication No 50, WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
Tarjan, G., Tizard, J., Rutter, M., Begab, M., Brooke, E. M., de la Cruz, F., Lin, T.-Y., Montenegro, H. & Sartorius, N. (1972) Classification and mental retardation: issues arising in the fifth WHO seminar on psychiatric diagnosis, classification and statistics. American Journal of Psychiatry 128, Suppl. 11, 3445Google Scholar
Walsh, B. & Grant, M. (1985) Public Health Implications of Alcohol Production and Trade WHO Offset Publication No 88, WHO: GenevaGoogle Scholar
Chung-Cheng, Wang, Xue-Ming, Cheng, Shi-Chuo, Li, Bolis, C. L. & Schoenberg, B S. (1983). Epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease in an urban community of Beijing, People's Republic of China. Neuroepidemiology 2, 121134.Google Scholar
Wig, N N. & Varma, V. K. (1977). Patterns of long-term heavy cannabis use in North India, and its effects on cognitive functions a preliminary repor. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2, 211219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wig, N. N., Suleiman, M, Srinivasa Murthy, R, Routeledge, R., Ladrido-Ignacio, L., Ibrahim, H. H. A. & Harding, T W (1980). Community reactions to mental disorders – a study in three developing countries. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 61, 111126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wig, N. N., Menon, D. K., Bedi, H., Ghosh, A., Kuipers, L., Leff, J., Koten, A., Day, R., Sartorius, N., Ernberg, G. & Jablensky, A (1987 a). Expressed emotion and schizophrenia in North India. I Cross-cultural transfer of ratings of relatives' expressed emotion. British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 156160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wig, N. N., Menon, D. K., Bedi, H., Leff, J., Nielsen, J. A., Thestrup, G., Kuipers, L., Ghosh, A, Day, R., Korten, A, Ernberg, G.Sartorius, N., & Jablensky, A (1987 b). Expressed emotion and schizophrenia in North India II. Distribution of expressed emotion components among relatives of schizophrenic patients in Aarhus and Chandigarh. British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 160165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974). The Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University Press: London.Google Scholar
Wing, J. K., Nixon, J. M., Mann, S. A. & Leff, J. P. (1977). Reliability of the PSE (ninth edition) used in a population survey. Psychological Medicine 7, 505516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization (1970). Report of the Fifth Seminar on Psychiatric Diagnosis. Classification and Statistics. Mental Retardation (Washington, 1969). WHO: Geneva (offset).Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1973 a). Report of the Eighth Seminar on Standardization of Psychiatric Diagnosis, Classification and Statistics, 1972. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1973 b). Dictionary of Epilepsy. Part I, Definitions (H. Gastaut). WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1973 c). The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia, Volume, I. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1974). Glossary of Mental Disorders and Guide to their Classification. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1975). Schizophrenia A Multinational Study. Public Health Papers No. 63. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1978 a). International Classification of Diseases (9th revision). Chapter V. Mental disorders, WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1978 b). Mental Disorders Glossary and Guide to Their Classification in Accordance with the Ninth Revision of the Internation Classification of Diseases WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1978 c). Cerebrovascular Disorders. A Clinical and Research Classification WHO Offset Publication No. 43 WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1978 d). Report on the Third Exchange of Visits of Investigators in Biological Psychiatry. WHO: Geneva (WHO/MNH/78.2).Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1978 e). Report on the Fourth Exchange Visits of Investigators in Biological Psychiatry. WHO: Geneva (WHO/MNH/78.26)Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1978 f). Research on Dependence Liability of Thebaine and Its Derivatives: Interim Progress Report. WHO: Geneva (WHO/MNH/78.28).Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1978 g). The Application of Advances in Neurosciences for the Control of Neurological Disorders: A Report of a WHO Study Group. Technical Report Series, 629. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1978 h). Report on the Second Meeting of Investigators of the WHO Project on the Effects of Psychotropic Drugs in Different Populations. WHO: Geneva (WHO/MNH/78.16).Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1979 a) Schizophrenia An International Follow-up Study. John Wiley & Sons. Chichesler.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1979 b). Report of third meeting of investigators collaborating in the project on monitoring of mental health needs. New Delhi, 1978. Unpublished document. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (1977). Report of a Conference on Mental Health Services. In Pilot Study Areas, Lysebu,1977.Copenhagen (ICP/MNH/007).Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1980). Review of the pharmacology of khat report of a WHO advisory Groups. Bulletin on Narcotics Vol. XXXII, 8393.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (1982 a). Changing patterns of suicide behaviour. Report on a WHO Working Group. EURO Reports and Studies 74, WHO, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1982 b). Stress. Lifestyle and the Prevention of Disease. Report of a WHO Scientific Working Group, Sofia, Bulgaria, 5–12 October 1981, WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1983 a). Validity and reliability of trends in suicide statistics World Health Quarterly 36, 339348.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1983 b). Global Medium-Term Programme (1984–1989). Protection and Promotion of Mental Health (MNH/MTP.83.19).Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1983 c). Depressive Disorders in Different Cultures Report on the WHO Collaborative Study on Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1984 a). Mental Health Care in Developing Countries A Critical Appraisal of Research Findings: Report on a WHO Study Group. Technical Report Series no. 698. WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1984 b). Mental Health and Female Sterilization. Report of a WHO collaborative prospective study. Journal of Biosocial Sciences 16, 121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization, (1986 b). Collaborative Study on Dose Effects of Antidepressant Medication in Different Populations. Journal of Affective Disorders Supplement 2, pp. 167.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1988 a). WHO Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO/DAS). WHO: Geneva.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1988 b) Benzodiazepines and Therapeutic Counselling. Report from a WHO Collaborative Study. Springer Verlag: Berlin.Google Scholar
Yamashita, I., Ohmomri, T., Koyama, T. & Mori, H. (1986). WHO collaborative study of alcoholism with reference to ethnic differences Clinical Neuropharmacology 9, Supplement 4, 442449.Google Scholar