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The prediction of resilience to alcohol consumption in youths: insular and subcallosal cingulate myeloarchitecture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2020

Kathrin Weidacker Open the ORCID record for Kathrin Weidacker [Opens in a new window] ,
Seung-Goo Kim ,
Mette Buhl-Callesen ,
Mads Jensen ,
Mads Uffe Pedersen ,
Kristine Rømer Thomsen  and
Valerie Voon
Kathrin Weidacker
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Seung-Goo Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Mette Buhl-Callesen
Affiliation:
Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Mads Jensen
Affiliation:
Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, MINDLab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Mads Uffe Pedersen
Affiliation:
Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Kristine Rømer Thomsen
Affiliation:
Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Valerie Voon*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Valerie Voon, E-mail: vv247@cam.ac.uk
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Abstract

Background

The prediction of alcohol consumption in youths and particularly biomarkers of resilience, is critical for early intervention to reduce the risk of subsequent harmful alcohol use.

Methods

At baseline, the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1), indexing grey matter myelination (i.e. myeloarchitecture), was assessed in 86 adolescents/young adults (mean age = 21.76, range: 15.75–26.67 years). The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was assessed at baseline, 1- and 2-year follow-ups (12- and 24-months post-baseline). We used a whole brain data-driven approach controlled for age, gender, impulsivity and other substance and behavioural addiction measures, such as problematic cannabis use, drug use-related problems, internet gaming, pornography use, binge eating, and levels of externalization, to predict the change in AUDIT scores from R1.

Results

Greater baseline bilateral anterior insular and subcallosal cingulate R1 (cluster-corrected family-wise error p < 0.05) predict a lower risk for harmful alcohol use (measured as a reduction in AUDIT scores) at 2-year follow-up. Control analyses show that other grey matter measures (local volume or fractional anisotropy) did not reveal such an association. An atlas-based machine learning approach further confirms the findings.

Conclusions

The insula is critically involved in predictive coding of autonomic function relevant to subjective alcohol cue/craving states and risky decision-making processes. The subcallosal cingulate is an essential node underlying emotion regulation and involved in negative emotionality addiction theories. Our findings highlight insular and cingulate myeloarchitecture as a potential protective biomarker that predicts resilience to alcohol misuse in youths, providing novel identifiers for early intervention.

Keywords

adolescentalcohol consumptioninsulalongitudinal relaxation ratemyeloarchitectureresiliencesubcallosal cingulate
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 11 , August 2022 , pp. 2032 - 2042
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to the study.

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