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Neuroimaging and epigenetic analysis reveal novel epigenetic loci in major depressive disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2024

Hyun-Ho Yang ,
Kyu-Man Han ,
Aram Kim ,
Youbin Kang ,
Woo-Suk Tae ,
Mi-Ryung Han  and
Byung-Joo Ham Open the ORCID record for Byung-Joo Ham [Opens in a new window]
Hyun-Ho Yang
Affiliation:
Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
Kyu-Man Han
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Aram Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Youbin Kang
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Woo-Suk Tae
Affiliation:
Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Mi-Ryung Han*
Affiliation:
Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
Byung-Joo Ham*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*
Corresponding author: Mi-Ryung Han; Email: genetic0309@inu.ac.kr; Byung-Joo Ham; Email: hambj@korea.ac.kr
Corresponding author: Mi-Ryung Han; Email: genetic0309@inu.ac.kr; Byung-Joo Ham; Email: hambj@korea.ac.kr
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Abstract

Background

Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to identify novel MDD-associated epigenetic loci using DNA methylation profiles and explore the correlations between epigenetic loci and cortical thickness changes in patients with MDD.

Methods

A total of 350 patients with MDD and 161 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS). We analyzed methylation, copy number alteration (CNA), and gene network profiles in the MDD group. A total of 234 patients with MDD and 135 HCs were included in neuroimaging methylation analysis. Pearson's partial correlation analysis was used to estimate the correlation between cortical thickness of brain regions and DNA methylation levels of the loci.

Results

In total, 2018 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and 351 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified. DMP-related genes were enriched in two networks involved in the central nervous system. In neuroimaging analysis, patients with MDD showed cortical thinning in the prefrontal regions and cortical thickening in several occipital regions. Cortical thickness of the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC, i.e. pars triangularis) was negatively correlated with eight DMPs associated with six genes (EML6, ZFP64, CLSTN3, KCNMA1, TAOK2, and NT5E).

Conclusion

Through combining DNA methylation and neuroimaging analyses, negative correlations were identified between the cortical thickness of the left VLPFC and DNA methylation levels of eight DMPs. Our findings could improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD.

Keywords

cortical thicknessEWASmajor depressive disorderneuroimaging-epigenetic study
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , First View , pp. 1 - 14
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

The first two authors have contributed equally to this article as co-first authors.

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