Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-fwgfc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T01:44:00.923Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Predicament of Progress in the Period of Transcendentalism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2009

Get access

Extract

To a degree incomprehensible today, when we have been surfeited by holocausts and are haunted by the notion of entropy, the first generation of transcendentalists – that of Emerson and Ripley, as opposed to that of Thoreau and Whitman – grew up in the certainty that progress was consubstantial with history and shared in the untroubled sureness of history's course. In 1823 Emerson noted in his journal:

The lively fancy of some men has induced them to entertain fanciful anticipations of the progress of Mankind, and of radical revolutions in their manners, passions and pursuits … But the quiet wisdom of History as she winds along her way through sixty centuries, speaks of no wonders, and of little glory … The most rapid progress of civilization in a community is so gradual that it is unmarked.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

NOTES

Author's note: Most of this essay was originally published in somewhat different form in French in Rivista di Studi Americani 2–3 (1983). The English translation is by Lawrence Rosenwald.

1. The Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks of Ralph Waldo Emerson, ed. Gilman, William H. et al. , 14 vols. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1960), II, 188, 92.Google Scholar

2. Ibid., IV, 26.

3. Ibid., II, 77.

4. Ibid., III, 14.

5. Anderson, Quentin, The Imperial Self, An Essay in American Literary and Cultural History (New York: Random House, 1971)Google Scholar, ch. 1, “The Failure of the Fathers.”

6. Memoirs of Margaret Fuller Ossoli, ed. Clarke, James Freeman, Emerson, Ralph Waldo, and Channing, William Henry, 2 vols. (Boston, 1852)Google Scholar; see especially ch. 1, “Youth.”

7. Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks, V, 332–3.Google Scholar

8. Emerson to Ripley, in Selected Writings of the American Transcendentalists, ed. Hochfield, George (New York: New American Library, Signet Classics, 1966), p. 377Google Scholar. The letter is undated, but a rough draft, dated December 15, 1840 appears in The Letters of Ralph Waldo Emerson, ed. Rusk, Ralph L., 6 vols. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1939), II, 368–71.Google Scholar

9. Unpublished sermon, No. 145, “Judging Right for Ourselves,” preached 26 02 1832Google Scholar (Houghton Library, H 358).

10. Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks, III, 70.Google Scholar

11. Bercovitch, Sacvan, The Puritan Origins of the American Self (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1975), p. 163.Google Scholar

12. Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks, V, 194.Google Scholar

13. Thoreau, Henry David, The Variorum Walden and the Variorum Civil Disobedience, ed. Harding, Walter (New York: Washington Square Press, Pocket Book, 1968), “Conclusion” (to Walden), p. 247.Google Scholar

14. Bercovitch, Sacvan, The American Jeremiad (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978)Google Scholar, ch. 6, “Epilogue: the Symbol of America.”

15. The Early Lectures of Ralph Waldo Emerson, 3 vols. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 19591972), III, ed. Spiller, Robert E. and Williams, Wallace E., 85102.Google Scholar

16. Bercovitch, , Puritan Origins; American Jeremiad.Google Scholar

17. Porte, Joel, Representative Man: Ralph Waldo Emerson in his Time (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979), p. 229.Google Scholar

18. Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks, X, 79.Google Scholar

19. Ibid., VII, 444.

20. Ibid., VIII, 53.

21. The Complete Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Centenary Edition, ed. Emerson, Edward Waldo, 12 vols. (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin & Co., 19031904), I, 201.Google Scholar

22. Ibid., I, 204.

23. Ibid., I, 214.

24. Ibid., I, 219.

25. Marx, Leo, Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1981), pp. 227–42.Google Scholar

26. Complete Works, XI, 530.Google Scholar

27. Ibid., XI, 543.